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This is a tutorial and survey paper on unification of spectral dimensionality reduction methods, kernel learning by Semidefinite Programming (SDP), Maximum Variance Unfolding (MVU) or Semidefinite Embedding (SDE), and its variants. We first…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-08-04 Benyamin Ghojogh , Ali Ghodsi , Fakhri Karray , Mark Crowley

Linear mixture models are commonly used to represent hyperspectral datacube as a linear combinations of endmember spectra. However, determining of the number of endmembers for images embedded in noise is a crucial task. This paper proposes…

Applications · Statistics 2016-06-29 A. Halimi , P. Honeine , M. Kharouf , C. Richard , J. -Y. Tourneret

Hyperspectral unmixing has been an important technique that estimates a set of endmembers and their corresponding abundances from a hyperspectral image (HSI). Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) plays an increasingly significant role in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Xin-Ru Feng , Heng-Chao Li , Rui Wang , Qian Du , Xiuping Jia , Antonio Plaza

Regression-based decoding of continuous movements is essential for human-machine interfaces (HMIs), such as prosthetic control. This study explores a feature-based approach to encoding Surface Electromyography (sEMG) signals, focusing on…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Farah Baracat , Luca Manneschi , Elisa Donati

The graph embedding (GE) methods have been widely applied for dimensionality reduction of hyperspectral imagery (HSI). However, a major challenge of GE is how to choose proper neighbors for graph construction and explore the spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-27 Hong Huang , Guangyao Shi , Haibo He , Yule Duan , Fulin Luo

Hidden Markov models (HMMs) are widely used statistical models for modeling sequential data. The parameter estimation for HMMs from time series data is an important learning problem. The predominant methods for parameter estimation are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-04-30 Carl Mattfeld

Hyperspectral sensors capture dense spectra per pixel but suffer from low spatial resolution, causing blurred boundaries and mixed-pixel effects. Co-registered companion sensors such as multispectral, RGB, or panchromatic cameras provide…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Ritik Shah , Marco F Duarte

Spectral rendering is essential for the production of physically-plausible synthetic images, but requires to introduce several changes in the content generation pipeline. In particular, the authoring of spectral material properties (e.g.,…

Graphics · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Laurent Belcour , Pacal Barla , Gael Guennebaud

Spatially-varying intensity noise is a common source of distortion in medical images. Bias field noise is one example of such a distortion that is often present in the magnetic resonance (MR) images or other modalities such as retina…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-18 Reza Abbasi-Asl , Aboozar Ghaffari , Emad Fatemizadeh

In the community of remote sensing, nonlinear mixing models have recently received particular attention in hyperspectral image processing. In this paper, we present a novel nonlinear spectral unmixing method following the recent multilinear…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-10-11 Qi Wei , Marcus Chen , Jean-Yves Tourneret , Simon Godsill

Spectral Embedding (SE) has often been used to map data points from non-linear manifolds to linear subspaces for the purpose of classification and clustering. Despite significant advantages, the subspace structure of data in the original…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Hira Yaseen , Arif Mahmood

In fluorescence microscopy, spectral unmixing aims to recover individual fluorophore concentrations from spectral images that capture mixed fluorophore emissions. Since classical methods operate pixel-wise and rely on least-squares fitting,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Federico Carrara , Talley Lambert , Mehdi Seifi , Florian Jug

Spectral Unmixing is an important technique in remote sensing used to analyze hyperspectral images to identify endmembers and estimate abundance maps. Over the past few decades, performance of techniques for endmember extraction and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Estefania Alfaro-Mejia , Carlos J Delgado , Vidya Manian

Hyperspectral unmixing is a critical yet challenging task in hyperspectral image interpretation. Recently, great efforts have been made to solve the hyperspectral unmixing task via deep autoencoders. However, existing networks mainly focus…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-09 Lin Qi , Xuewen Qin , Feng Gao , Junyu Dong , Xinbo Gao

Hyperspectral images capture rich spectral information that enables per-pixel material identification; however, spectral mixing often obscures pure material signatures. To address this challenge, we propose the Latent Dirichlet Transformer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Giancarlo Giannetti , Faisal Z. Qureshi

This paper introduces a Bayesian image segmentation algorithm based on finite mixtures. An EM algorithm is developed to estimate parameters of the Gaussian mixtures. The finite mixture is a flexible and powerful probabilistic modeling tool.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2012-04-10 Mohamed Ali Mahjoub , karim kalti

This paper proposes a probabilistic deep metric learning (PDML) framework for hyperspectral image classification, which aims to predict the category of each pixel for an image captured by hyperspectral sensors. The core problem for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Chengkun Wang , Wenzhao Zheng , Xian Sun , Jiwen Lu , Jie Zhou

Malicious encryption techniques continue to evolve, bypassing conventional detection mechanisms that rely on static signatures or predefined behavioral rules. Spectral analysis presents an alternative approach that transforms system…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Dominica Ayanara , Atticus Hillingworth , Jonathan Casselbury , Dominic Montague

Incorporating spatial information into hyperspectral unmixing procedures has been shown to have positive effects, due to the inherent spatial-spectral duality in hyperspectral scenes. Current research works that consider spatial information…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-11-01 Jie Chen , Cédric Richard , Alfred O. Hero

Hyperspectral unmixing (HU) is crucial for analyzing hyperspectral imagery, yet achieving accurate unmixing remains challenging. While traditional methods struggle to effectively model complex spectral-spatial features, deep learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Chentong Wang , Jincheng Gao , Fei Zhu , Jie Chen