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Wake word (WW) spotting is challenging in far-field not only because of the interference in signal transmission but also the complexity in acoustic environments. Traditional WW model training requires large amount of in-domain WW-specific…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-15 Yixin Gao , Yuriy Mishchenko , Anish Shah , Spyros Matsoukas , Shiv Vitaladevuni

This paper proposes a novel training scheme for fast matching models in Search Ads, which is motivated by the real challenges in model training. The first challenge stems from the pursuit of high throughput, which prohibits the deployment…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-04-23 Xue Li , Zhipeng Luo , Hao Sun , Jianjin Zhang , Weihao Han , Xianqi Chu , Liangjie Zhang , Qi Zhang

Multi-annotator learning (MAL) aims to model annotator-specific labeling patterns. However, existing methods face a critical challenge: they simply skip updating annotator-specific model parameters when encountering missing labels, i.e., a…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Liyun Zhang , Zheng Lian , Hong Liu , Takanori Takebe , Yuta Nakashima

A popular approach to decrease the need for costly manual annotation of large data sets is weak supervision, which introduces problems of noisy labels, coverage and bias. Methods for overcoming these problems have either relied on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Andreas Stephan , Benjamin Roth

Regression problems assume every instance is annotated (labeled) with a real value, a form of annotation we call \emph{strong guidance}. In order for these annotations to be accurate, they must be the result of a precise experiment or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-04-06 Aubrey Gress , Ian Davidson

Addressing the annotation challenge in 3D Point Cloud segmentation has inspired research into weakly supervised learning. Existing approaches mainly focus on exploiting manifold and pseudo-labeling to make use of large unlabeled data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-09 Yongyi Su , Xun Xu , Kui Jia

Despite growing interest in incorporating feedback to improve language models, most efforts focus only on sequence-level annotations. In this work, we explore the potential of utilizing fine-grained span-level annotations from offline…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Lily H. Zhang , Hamid Dadkhahi , Mara Finkelstein , Firas Trabelsi , Jiaming Luo , Markus Freitag

Learning semantic segmentation models requires a huge amount of pixel-wise labeling. However, labeled data may only be available abundantly in a domain different from the desired target domain, which only has minimal or no annotations. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-13 Sujoy Paul , Yi-Hsuan Tsai , Samuel Schulter , Amit K. Roy-Chowdhury , Manmohan Chandraker

Accurate segmentation of organelle instances, e.g., mitochondria, is essential for electron microscopy analysis. Despite the outstanding performance of fully supervised methods, they highly rely on sufficient per-pixel annotated data and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Dafei Qiu , Jiajin Yi , Jialin Peng

Pre-trained vision-language models learn massive data to model unified representations of images and natural languages, which can be widely applied to downstream machine learning tasks. In addition to zero-shot inference, in order to better…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Qian-Wei Wang , Yuqiu Xie , Letian Zhang , Zimo Liu , Shu-Tao Xia

Many machine learning systems today are trained on large amounts of human-annotated data. Data annotation tasks that require a high level of competency make data acquisition expensive, while the resulting labels are often subjective,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-08 Emmanouil Antonios Platanios , Maruan Al-Shedivat , Eric Xing , Tom Mitchell

Weakly supervised segmentation is an important problem in medical image analysis due to the high cost of pixelwise annotation. Prior methods, while often focusing on weak labels of 2D images, exploit few structural cues of volumetric…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-07 Qian He , Shuailin Li , Xuming He

To efficiently establish training databases for machine learning methods, collaborative and crowdsourcing platforms have been investigated to collectively tackle the annotation effort. However, when this concept is ported to the medical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-22 Martin Rajchl , Lisa M. Koch , Christian Ledig , Jonathan Passerat-Palmbach , Kazunari Misawa , Kensaku Mori , Daniel Rueckert

Evidence suggests that networks trained on large datasets generalize well not solely because of the numerous training examples, but also class diversity which encourages learning of enriched features. This raises the question of whether…

The performance of object detection, to a great extent, depends on the availability of large annotated datasets. To alleviate the annotation cost, the research community has explored a number of ways to exploit unlabeled or weakly labeled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Shijie Fang , Yuhang Cao , Xinjiang Wang , Kai Chen , Dahua Lin , Wayne Zhang

Multi-atlas segmentation is a widely used tool in medical image analysis, providing robust and accurate results by learning from annotated atlas datasets. However, the availability of fully annotated atlas images for training is limited due…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-05-03 Lisa M. Koch , Martin Rajchl , Wenjia Bai , Christian F. Baumgartner , Tong Tong , Jonathan Passerat-Palmbach , Paul Aljabar , Daniel Rueckert

We go through the many considerations involved in fitting a model to data, using as an example the fit of a straight line to a set of points in a two-dimensional plane. Standard weighted least-squares fitting is only appropriate when there…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2010-08-30 David W. Hogg , Jo Bovy , Dustin Lang

We introduce a new data fusion method that utilizes multiple data sources to estimate a smooth, finite-dimensional parameter. Most existing methods only make use of fully aligned data sources that share common conditional distributions of…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-30 Sijia Li , Peter B. Gilbert , Rui Duan , Alex Luedtke

Weakly-supervised object detection (WSOD) models attempt to leverage image-level annotations in lieu of accurate but costly-to-obtain object localization labels. This oftentimes leads to substandard object detection and localization at…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-05 Yuting Wang , Ricardo Guerrero , Vladimir Pavlovic

In the field of image classification, existing methods often struggle with biased or ambiguous data, a prevalent issue in real-world scenarios. Current strategies, including semi-supervised learning and class blending, offer partial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Lars Schmarje , Vasco Grossmann , Claudius Zelenka , Johannes Brünger , Reinhard Koch
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