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In this work, we address in-context learning (ICL) for the task of image segmentation, introducing a novel approach that adapts a modern Video Object Segmentation (VOS) technique for visual in-context learning. This adaptation is inspired…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Thomas Foster , Ioana Croitoru , Robert Dorfman , Christoffer Edlund , Thomas Varsavsky , Jon Almazán

Defining reward functions for skill learning has been a long-standing challenge in robotics. Recently, vision-language models (VLMs) have shown promise in defining reward signals for teaching robots manipulation skills. However, existing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Kaifeng Zhang , Zhao-Heng Yin , Weirui Ye , Yang Gao

Reward functions are a common way to specify the objective of a robot. As designing reward functions can be extremely challenging, a more promising approach is to directly learn reward functions from human teachers. Importantly, data from…

Exploration in environments with sparse rewards has been a persistent problem in reinforcement learning (RL). Many tasks are natural to specify with a sparse reward, and manually shaping a reward function can result in suboptimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-27 Ashvin Nair , Bob McGrew , Marcin Andrychowicz , Wojciech Zaremba , Pieter Abbeel

Learning from Demonstration (LfD) systems are commonly used to teach robots new tasks by generating a set of skills from user-provided demonstrations. These skills can then be sequenced by planning algorithms to execute complex tasks.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Maximilian Diehl , Tathagata Chakraborti , Karinne Ramirez-Amaro

In many cases an intelligent agent may want to learn how to mimic a single observed demonstrated trajectory. In this work we consider how to perform such procedural learning from observation, which could help to enable agents to better use…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-22 Tong Mu , Karan Goel , Emma Brunskill

Learning from demonstrations is a useful way to transfer a skill from one agent to another. While most imitation learning methods aim to mimic an expert skill by following the demonstration step-by-step, imitating every step in the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-12-18 Youngwoon Lee , Edward S. Hu , Zhengyu Yang , Joseph J. Lim

Imitation by observation is an approach for learning from expert demonstrations that lack action information, such as videos. Recent approaches to this problem can be placed into two broad categories: training dynamics models that aim to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-21 Ashley D. Edwards , Charles L. Isbell

Agents that can learn to imitate given video observation -- \emph{without direct access to state or action information} are more applicable to learning in the natural world. However, formulating a reinforcement learning (RL) agent that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-14 Glen Berseth , Florian Golemo , Christopher Pal

Reinforcement Learning has suffered from poor reward specification, and issues for reward hacking even in simple enough domains. Preference Based Reinforcement Learning attempts to solve the issue by utilizing binary feedbacks on queried…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Mudit Verma , Subbarao Kambhampati

Incorporating additional sensory modalities such as tactile and audio into foundational robotic models poses significant challenges due to the curse of dimensionality. This work addresses this issue through modality selection. We propose a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Jiawei Jiang , Kei Ota , Devesh K. Jha , Asako Kanezaki

We propose a learning-from-demonstration approach for grounding actions from expert data and an algorithm for using these actions to perform a task in new environments. Our approach is based on an application of sampling-based motion…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-12-06 Chris Paxton , Felix Jonathan , Marin Kobilarov , Gregory D Hager

Learning from Demonstration (LfD) has emerged as a crucial method for robots to acquire new skills. However, when given suboptimal task trajectory demonstrations with shape characteristics reflecting human preferences but subpar dynamic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Chenlin Ming , Zitong Wang , Boxuan Zhang , Zhanxiang Cao , Xiaoming Duan , Jianping He

We present an iterative inverse reinforcement learning algorithm to infer optimal cost functions in continuous spaces. Based on a popular maximum entropy criteria, our approach iteratively finds a weight improvement step and proposes a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Sarmad Mehrdad , Avadesh Meduri , Ludovic Righetti

Even though deep neural networks have shown tremendous success in countless applications, explaining model behaviour or predictions is an open research problem. In this paper, we address this issue by employing a simple yet effective method…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-12 Ryan Benkert , Oluwaseun Joseph Aribido , Ghassan AlRegib

Learning models of user behaviour is an important problem that is broadly applicable across many application domains requiring human-robot interaction. In this work, we show that it is possible to learn generative models for distinct user…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Daniel Angelov , Yordan Hristov , Subramanian Ramamoorthy

In the field of reinforcement learning there has been recent progress towards safety and high-confidence bounds on policy performance. However, to our knowledge, no practical methods exist for determining high-confidence policy performance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-06-26 Daniel S. Brown , Scott Niekum

We propose a novel architecture, the event-based GASSOM for learning and extracting invariant representations from event streams originating from neuromorphic vision sensors. The framework is inspired by feed-forward cortical models for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-06-22 Thusitha N. Chandrapala , Bertram E. Shi

Computer-use agents can operate computers and automate laborious tasks, but despite recent rapid progress, they still lag behind human users, especially when tasks require domain-specific procedural knowledge about particular applications,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Yujian Liu , Ze Wang , Hao Chen , Ximeng Sun , Xiaodong Yu , Jialian Wu , Jiang Liu , Emad Barsoum , Zicheng Liu , Shiyu Chang

Reinforcement learning methods require careful design involving a reward function to obtain the desired action policy for a given task. In the absence of hand-crafted reward functions, prior work on the topic has proposed several methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-16 Daiki Kimura , Subhajit Chaudhury , Ryuki Tachibana , Sakyasingha Dasgupta
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