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We study a family of graphs related to the $n$-cube. The middle cube graph of parameter $k$ is the subgraph of $Q_{2k-1}$ induced by the set of vertices whose binary representation has either $k-1$ or $k$ number of ones. The middle cube…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-08-12 C. Dalfó , M. A. Fiol , M. Mitjana

The unit distance embeddability of a graph, like planarity, involves a mix of constraints that are combinatorial and geometric. We construct a unit distance embedding for $H-e$ in the hope that it will lead to an embedding for $H$. We then…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-11-08 Mitchell A. Harris

We consider quantum graph states that can be mapped to directed weighted graphs, also known as directed networks. The geometric measure of entanglement of the states is calculated for the quantum graph states corresponding to arbitrary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-01 Kh. P. Gnatenko

Graph embeddings, wherein the nodes of the graph are represented by points in a continuous space, are used in a broad range of Graph ML applications. The quality of such embeddings crucially depends on whether the geometry of the space…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-02-03 Francesco Di Giovanni , Giulia Luise , Michael Bronstein

Boundary conditions in quantum graph vertices are generally given in terms of a unitary matrix $U$. Observing that if $U$ has at most two eigenvalues, then the scattering matrix $\mathcal{S}(k)$ of the vertex is a linear combination of the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2011-10-06 Ondřej Turek , Taksu Cheon

A geometric graph is a combinatorial graph, endowed with a geometry that is inherited from its embedding in a Euclidean space. Formulation of a meaningful measure of (dis-)similarity in both the combinatorial and geometric structures of two…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Sushovan Majhi , Carola Wenk

The intention of the paper is to move a step towards a classification of network topologies that exhibit periodic quantum dynamics. We show that the evolution of a quantum system, whose hamiltonian is identical to the adjacency matrix of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Nitin Saxena , Simone Severini , Igor Shparlinski

Whenever graphs admit equitable partitions, their quotient graphs highlight the structure evidenced by the partition. It is therefore very natural to ask what can be said about two graphs that have the same quotient according to certain…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-15 Frederico Cançado , Gabriel Coutinho

Knowledge graph embedding (KGE) methods aim to represent entities and relations in a continuous space while preserving their structural and semantic properties. Quaternion-based KGEs have demonstrated strong potential in capturing complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Hamideh-Sadat Fazael-Ardakani , Hamid Soltanian-Zadeh

Computing the permanent of a $(0,1)$-matrix is a well-known $\#P$-complete problem. In this paper, we present an expression for the permanent of a bipartite graph in terms of the determinant of the graph and its subgraphs, obtained by…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Surabhi Chakrabartty , Ranveer Singh

It is known that graphs cellularly embedded into surfaces are equivalent to ribbon graphs. In this work, we generalize this statement to broader classes of graphs and surfaces. Half-edge graphs extend abstract graphs and are useful in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-09-06 Remi C. Avohou , Joseph Ben Geloun , Mahouton N. Hounkonnou

Median graphs are connected graphs in which for all three vertices there is a unique vertex that belongs to shortest paths between each pair of these three vertices. In this paper we provide several novel characterizations of planar median…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-10-19 Carsten R. Seemann , Vincent Moulton , Peter F. Stadler , Marc Hellmuth

A graph drawing in the plane is called an almost embedding if the images of any two non-adjacent simplices (i.e. vertices or edges) are disjoint. Almost embeddings (more precisely, their higher-dimensional analogues) naturally appear in…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2026-03-10 E. Alkin , A. Miroshnikov , A. Skopenkov

The connective constant of a graph is the exponential growth rate of the number of self-avoiding walks starting at a given vertex. Strict inequalities are proved for connective constants of vertex-transitive graphs. Firstly, the connective…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-04-25 Geoffrey R. Grimmett , Zhongyang Li

A graph is said to be globally rigid if almost all embeddings of the graph's vertices in the Euclidean plane will define a system of edge-length equations with a unique (up to isometry) solution. In 2007, Jackson, Servatius and Servatius…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-01-29 Sean Dewar

We study the concept of the continuous mean distance of a weighted graph. For connected unweighted graphs, the mean distance can be defined as the arithmetic mean of the distances between all pairs of vertices. This parameter provides a…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2023-01-16 Delia Garijo , Alberto Márquez , Rodrigo I. Silveira

A graph with convex quadratic stability number is a graph for which the stability number is determined by solving a convex quadratic program. Since the very beginning, where a convex quadratic programming upper bound on the stability number…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-11-15 Domingos M. Cardoso

In order to model entanglements of polymers in a confined region, we consider the linking numbers and writhes of cycles in random linear embeddings of complete graphs in a cube. Our main results are that for a random linear embedding of…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2016-02-02 Erica Flapan , Kenji Kozai

A \emph{complete geometric graph} consists of a set $P$ of $n$ points in the plane, in general position, and all segments (edges) connecting them. It is a well known question of Bose, Hurtado, Rivera-Campo, and Wood, whether there exists a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-21 Adrian Dumitrescu , János Pach

Quadrance between two points A_1 = [x_1,y_1] and A_2 = [x_2,y_2] is the number Q (A_1, A_2) := (x_2 - x_1)^2 + (y_2 - y_1)^2. In this paper, we present some interesting results arise from this notation. In Section 1, we will study geometry…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Le Anh Vinh