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Hydrodynamic interactions are crucial for determining the cooperative behavior of microswimmers at low Reynolds numbers. Here we provide a comprehensive analysis of the scaling and strength of the interactions in the case of a pair of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-02-11 Sebastian Ziegler , Thomas Scheel , Maxime Hubert , Jens Harting , Ana-Sunčana Smith

Artificial microswimmers are a new technology with promising microfluidics and biomedical applications, such as directed cargo transport, microscale assembly, and targeted drug delivery. A fundamental barrier to realising this potential is…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2018-06-27 Thomas D. Montenegro-Johnson

Micro-swimmer locomotion in heterogeneous media is increasingly relevant in biological physics due to the prevalence of microorganisms in complex environments. A model for such porous media is the Brinkman fluid which accounts for a sparse…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-02-05 Francisca Guzman-Lastra , Enkeleida Lushi

We illustrate a concept for shape-changing microswimmers, which exploits the hysteresis of a shape transition of an elastic object, by an elastic disk undergoing cyclic localized swelling. Driving the control parameter of a hysteretic shape…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-12-29 Christian Wischnewski , Jan Kierfeld

We study the three-dimensional dynamics of a spherical microswimmer in cylindrical Poiseuille flow which can be mapped onto a Hamiltonian system. Swinging and tumbling trajectories are identified. In 2D they are equivalent to oscillating…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2012-06-18 Andreas Zöttl , Holger Stark

Microswimmers typically operate in complex environments. In biological systems, often diverse species are simultaneously present and interact with each other. Here, we derive a (time-dependent) particle-scale statistical description, namely…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-08-13 Christian Hoell , Hartmut Löwen , Andreas M. Menzel

We demonstrate with experiments and simulations how microscopic self-propelled particles navigate through environments presenting complex spatial features, which mimic the conditions inside cells, living organisms and future lab-on-a-chip…

Biological Physics · Physics 2011-09-22 Giovanni Volpe , Ivo Buttinoni , Dominik Vogt , Hans-Juergen Kuemmerer , Clemens Bechinger

Swimming cells and microorganisms must often move though complex fluids that contain an immersed microstructure such as polymer molecules, or filaments. In many important biological processes, such as mammalian reproduction and bacterial…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2018-08-06 Arshad Kamal , Eric E Keaveny

Micro-nano-robotic swimmers have promising potential for future biomedical tasks such as targeted drug delivery and minimally-invasive diagnosis. An efficient method for controlled actuation of such nano-swimmers is applying a rotating…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-05-12 Zvi Chapnik , Yizhar Or

Self-propelled micron-size particles suspended in a fluid, like bacteria or synthetic microswimmers, are strongly non-equilibrium systems where particle motility breaks the microscopic detailed balance, often resulting in large-scale…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-03-15 Dóra Bárdfalvy , Viktor Škultéty , Cesare Nardini , Alexander Morozov , Joakim Stenhammar

The realization of artificial microscopic swimmers able to propel in viscous fluids is an emergent research field of fundamental interest and vast technological applications. For certain functionalities, the efficiency of the microswimmer…

We address the problem of controlling a dynamical system governing the motion of a 3D weighted shape changing body swimming in a perfect fluid. The rigid displacement of the swimmer results from the exchange of momentum between prescribed…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2011-03-30 Thomas Chambrion , Alexandre Munnier

The design of artificial microswimmers is often inspired by the strategies of natural microorganisms. Many of these creatures exploit the fact that elasticity breaks the time-reversal symmetry of motion at low Reynolds numbers, but this…

This paper studies the influence of orienting external fields on pattern formation, particularly mesoscale turbulence, in microswimmer suspensions. To this end, we apply a hydrodynamic theory that can be derived from a microscopic…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-02-27 Henning Reinken , Sebastian Heidenreich , Markus Bär , Sabine H. L. Klapp

Microscopic artificial swimmers have recently become highly attractive due to their promising potential for biomedical applications. The pioneering work of Dreyfus et al (2005) has demonstrated the motion of a microswimmer with an…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-05-11 Yuval Harduf , Dongdong Jin , Yizhar Or , Li Zhang

We study the properties of arbitrary micro-swimmers towing a passive load through a viscous liquid. The simple close-form expression for the dragging efficiency of a general micro-swimmer dragging a distant load is found, and the leading…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-05-13 Oren Raz , Alexander M. Leshansky

Systems of motile microorganisms exhibit a multitude of collective phenomena, including motility-induced phase separation and turbulence. Sensing of the environment and adaptation of movement plays an essential role in the emergent…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-06-26 Segun Goh , Elmar Westphal , Roland G. Winkler , Gerhard Gompper

We develop a minimal hydrodynamic model, without an orientational order parameter, for assemblies of contractile swimmers encapsulated in a droplet of a binary-fluid emulsion. Our model uses two coupled scalar order parameters, $\phi$ and…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-09-13 Nadia Bihari Padhan , Rahul Pandit

Transport of material across liquid interfaces is ubiquitous for living cells and is also a crucial step in drug delivery and in many industrial processes. The fluids that are present on either side of the interfaces will usually have…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-05-24 Chao Feng , John J. Molina , Matthew S. Turner , Ryoichi Yamamoto

The majority of studies on self-propelled particles and microswimmers concentrates on objects that do not feature a deterministic bending of their trajectory. However, perfect axial symmetry is hardly found in reality, and shape-asymmetric…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-07-18 Christian Hoell , Hartmut Löwen , Andreas M. Menzel