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We present a novel graphical framework for modeling non-negative sequential data with hierarchical structure. Our model corresponds to a network of coupled non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) modules, which we refer to as a positive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2009-07-16 Brian K. Vogel

Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is a popular unsupervised learning approach widely used in image clustering. However, in real-world clustering scenarios, most existing NMF methods are highly sensitive to noise corruption and are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Jingjing Liu , Nian Wu , Xianchao Xiu , Jianhua Zhang

Factor analysis is broadly used as a powerful unsupervised machine learning tool for reconstruction of hidden features in recorded mixtures of signals. In the case of a linear approximation, the mixtures can be decomposed by a variety of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Filip L. Iliev , Valentin G. Stanev , Velimir V. Vesselinov , Boian S. Alexandrov

Dimensionality reduction is a crucial first step for many unsupervised learning tasks including anomaly detection and clustering. Autoencoder is a popular mechanism to accomplish dimensionality reduction. In order to make dimensionality…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-12 Imtiaz Ahmed , Travis Galoppo , Xia Hu , Yu Ding

Symmetric nonnegative matrix factorization (symNMF) is a variant of nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) that allows to handle symmetric input matrices and has been shown to be particularly well suited for clustering tasks. In this paper,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-03-11 François Moutier , Arnaud Vandaele , Nicolas Gillis

Data with underlying nonlinear structure are collected across numerous application domains, necessitating new data processing and analysis methods adapted to nonlinear domain structure. Riemannanian manifolds present a rich environment in…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-02-24 Joyce Chew , Willem Diepeveen , Deanna Needell

The unsupervised anomaly localization task faces the challenge of missing anomaly sample training, detecting multiple types of anomalies, and dealing with the proportion of the area of multiple anomalies. A separate teacher-student feature…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-14 Chao Hu , Shengxin Lai

Dimensionality reduction (DR) of image features plays an important role in image retrieval and classification tasks. Recently, two types of methods have been proposed to improve the both the accuracy and efficiency for the dimensionality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2013-04-10 Yao Nan , Qian Feng , Sun Zuolei

We propose a geometric assumption on nonnegative data matrices such that under this assumption, we are able to provide upper bounds (both deterministic and probabilistic) on the relative error of nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF). The…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-08-02 Zhaoqiang Liu , Vincent Y. F. Tan

This paper considers nonlinear dynamic models where the main parameter of interest is a nonnegative matrix characterizing the network (contagion) effects. This network matrix is usually constrained either by assuming a limited number of…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-11-23 Christian Gourieroux , Joann Jasiak

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) is a powerful tool for data mining. However, the emergence of `big data' has severely challenged our ability to compute this fundamental decomposition using deterministic algorithms. This paper…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-05-02 N. Benjamin Erichson , Ariana Mendible , Sophie Wihlborn , J. Nathan Kutz

In this article we propose a method to refine the clustering results obtained with the nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) technique, imposing consistency constraints on the final labeling of the data. The research community focused its…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-09-16 Rocco Tripodi , Sebastiano Vascon , Marcello Pelillo

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) approximates a nonnegative matrix, $X$, by the product of two nonnegative factors, $WH$, where $W$ has $r$ columns and $H$ has $r$ rows. In this paper, we consider NMF using the component-wise L1 norm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Giovanni Seraghiti , Kévin Dubrulle , Arnaud Vandaele , Nicolas Gillis

We present a hybrid method for latent information discovery on the data sets containing both text content and connection structure based on constrained low rank approximation. The new method jointly optimizes the Nonnegative Matrix…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-29 Rundong Du , Barry Drake , Haesun Park

Semi-Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (semi-NMF) extends classical Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) by allowing the basis matrix to contain both positive and negative entries, making it suitable for decomposing data with mixed signs.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Lu Chenggang

In this paper, we propose a provably correct algorithm for convolutive nonnegative matrix factorization (CNMF) under separability assumptions. CNMF is a convolutive variant of nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF), which functions as an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-15 Anthony Degleris , Nicolas Gillis

The spectrum of mutations in a collection of cancer genomes can be described by a mixture of a few mutational signatures. The mutational signatures can be found using non-negative matrix factorization (NMF). To extract the mutational…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-11-02 Marta Pelizzola , Ragnhild Laursen , Asger Hobolth

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) has been actively investigated and used in a wide range of problems in the past decade. A significant amount of attention has been given to develop NMF algorithms that are suitable to model time series…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-09-04 Nasser Mohammadiha , Paris Smaragdis , Ghazaleh Panahandeh , Simon Doclo

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) is a standard linear dimensionality reduction technique for nonnegative data sets. In order to measure the discrepancy between the input data and the low-rank approximation, the Kullback-Leibler (KL)…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-05-12 Le Thi Khanh Hien , Nicolas Gillis

Classical computing has borne witness to the development of machine learning. The integration of quantum technology into this mix will lead to unimaginable benefits and be regarded as a giant leap forward in mankind's ability to compute.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-03 Hinako Asaoka , Kazue Kudo