Related papers: Spontaneously broken boosts and the Goldstone cont…
When global continuous symmetries are spontaneously broken, there appear gapless collective excitations called Nambu-Goldstone modes (NGMs) that govern the low-energy property of the system. The application of this famous theorem ranges…
Crystals spontaneously break the continuous translation symmetry in space, despite the invariance of the underlying energy function. This has triggered suggestions of time crystals analogously lifting translational invariance in time.…
Non-Fermi liquid phenomena arise naturally near critical points of Landau ordering transitions in metallic systems, where strong fluctuations of a bosonic order parameter destroy coherent quasiparticles. Despite progress in developing…
Why does spontaneous symmetry breaking occur? Why is a state breaking symmetry realized? We explore an idea that measurement selects such a state even if a system is given in a state respecting the symmetry of the system. We point out that…
Perhaps the most important aspect of symmetry in physics is the idea that a state does not need to have the same symmetries as the theory that describes it. This phenomenon is known as spontaneous symmetry breaking. In these lecture notes,…
The lowest-energy state of a macroscopic in which symmetry is spontaneously broken, is a very stable wavepacket centered around a spontaneously chosen, classical direction in symmetry space. However, for a Heisenberg ferromagnet the quantum…
We investigate the spontaneous breaking of subsystem symmetries directly in the context of continuum field theories by calculating the correlation function of charged operators. Our methods confirm the lack of spontaneous symmetry breaking…
Phase transitions not allowed in equilibrium steady states may happen however at the fluctuating level. We observe for the first time this striking and general phenomenon measuring current fluctuations in an isolated diffusive system. While…
A nonlinear sigma model is derived for the time development of a Bose-Einstein condensate composed of fermionic atoms. Spontaneous symmetry breaking of a Sp(2) symmetry in a coherent state path integral with anticommuting fields yields…
It is shown that nonlinear terms in equations of gravitons on the background of curved space-time of the expanding Universe can solve the problem of the negative square of the effective mass formally arising in linear approximation for…
By employing the formalism of hydrodynamics, we derive novel analytic predictions for the Doppler effect in superfluids with broken Galilean invariance and hosting persistent currents at zero temperature. We consider two scenarios: when…
In a wide class of three-dimensional Abelian gauge theories with a bare Chern-Simons term, the Lorentz invariance is spontaneously broken by dynamical generation of a non-vanishing magnetic field. A detailed computation of an energy density…
In sufficiently high spatial dimensions, the formation of the amorphous (i.e. random) solid state of matter, e.g., upon sufficent crosslinking of a macromolecular fluid, involves particle localization and, concommitantly, the spontaneous…
We present the basic features of emergent SUSY gauge theories where an emergence of gauge bosons as massless vector Nambu-Goldstone modes is triggered by the spontaneously broken supersymmetry rather than the physically manifested Lorentz…
When supersymmetry is broken in multiple sectors via independent dynamics, the theory furnishes a corresponding multiplicity of "goldstini" degrees of freedom which may play a substantial role in collider phenomenology and cosmology. In…
The Goldstone theorem states that there should be a massless mode for each spontaneously broken symmetry generator. There is no such rotational mode in crystals, however superconducting quantum nematics should carry rotational Goldstone…
Poincar\'e invariance is a well-tested symmetry of nature and sits at the core of our description of relativistic particles and gravity. At the same time, in most systems Poincar\'e invariance is not a symmetry of the ground state and is…
Phase transitions involving spontaneous time-reversal symmetry breaking are studied on the honeycomb lattice at finite hole-doping with next-nearest-neighbor repulsion. We derive an exact expression for the mean-field equation of state in…
The widespread belief that the effective action is convex and has a flat bottom under broken global symmetry is shown to be wrong. We show spontaneous symmetry breaking necessarily accompanies non-convexity in the effective action for…
The spontaneous Lorentz invariance violation (SLIV) developing in QED type theories with the nonlinear four-vector field constraint $A_{\mu}^{2}=M^{2}$ (where $M$ is a proposed scale of the Lorentz violation) is considered in the case when…