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Recent experiments suggest a quantum spin liquid ground state in the material PbCuTe$_2$O$_6$, where $S=1/2$ moments are coupled by antiferromagnetic Heisenberg interactions into a three dimensional structure of corner sharing triangles…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-09-15 Li Ern Chern , Yong Baek Kim

The Kitaev spin liquid, a ground state of the bond-dependent Kitaev model in a honeycomb lattice has been a centre of attraction, since a microscopic theory to realize such an interaction in solid-state materials was discovered. A challenge…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2022-05-20 Jiefu Cen , Hae-Young Kee

We point out that the Kitaev materials may not necessarily support Kitaev spin liquid. It is well-known that having a Kitaev term in the spin interaction is not the sufficient condition for the Kitaev spin liquid ground state. Many other…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-05-22 Yao Dong Li , Xu Yang , Yi Zhou , Gang Chen

The spin liquid phase is one of the prominent strongly interacting topological phases of matter whose unambiguous confirmation is yet to be reached despite intensive experimental efforts on numerous candidate materials. Recently, a new…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-05-10 Andrei Catuneanu , Youhei Yamaji , Gideon Wachtel , Yong Baek Kim , Hae-Young Kee

Topological states of matter such as quantum spin liquids (QSLs) are of great interest because of their remarkable predicted properties including protection of quantum information and the emergence of Majorana fermions. Such QSLs, however,…

In transition-metal compounds with partially filled $4d$ and $5d$ shells spin-orbit entanglement, electronic correlations, and crystal-field effects conspire to give rise to a variety of novel forms of topological quantum matter. This…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2017-01-26 Simon Trebst

One of the most important issues in modern condensed matter physics is the realization of fractionalized excitations, such as the Majorana excitations in the Kitaev quantum spin liquid. To this aim, the 3d-based Kitaev material Na2Co2TeO6…

Kitaev's honeycomb lattice spin model is a remarkable exactly solvable model, which has a particular type of spin liquid (Kitaev spin liquid) as the ground state. Although its possible realization in iridates and $\alpha$-RuCl$_3$ has been…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2017-08-07 Masahiko G. Yamada , Hiroyuki Fujita , Masaki Oshikawa

The Kitaev spin liquid, stabilized as the ground state of the Kitaev honeycomb model, is a paradigmatic example of a topological $\mathbb{Z}_2$ quantum spin liquid. The fate of the Kitaev spin liquid in presence of an external magnetic…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-05-04 Will Holdhusen , Daniel Huerga , Gerardo Ortiz

Spin liquid crystals are magnetic analogs of liquid crystals, possessing properties of both liquids and solids, a typical example of which are spin nematics. Spin nematics share many features with spin liquids, and the interplay between…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-04-06 Rico Pohle , Nic Shannon , Yukitoshi Motome

Condensed matter physicists have long sought a realistic two-dimensional (2D) magnetic system whose ground state is a {\it spin liquid}---a zero temperature state in which quantum fluctuations have melted away any form of magnetic order.…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2012-08-16 Simeng Yan , David A. Huse , Steven R. White

While phase transitions between magnetic analogs of three states of matter --- a long-range ordered state, paramagnet, and spin liquid --- have been extensively studied, the possibility of "liquid-liquid" transitions, namely, between…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2017-04-05 Joji Nasu , Yasuyuki Kato , Junki Yoshitake , Yoshitomo Kamiya , Yukitoshi Motome

The Kitaev honeycomb model (KHM) consists of spin-$1/2$ particles on a honeycomb lattice with direction-dependent Ising-like interactions. It can alternatively be described in terms of non-interacting Majorana fermions, can be solved…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-07-10 Alexander Sattler , Maria Daghofer

Quantum spin liquid is an exotic quantum state of matter in magnets. This state is a spin analogue of the liquid helium which does not solidify down to the lowest temperature due to strong quantum fluctuations. In conventional fluids,…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2015-06-22 Joji Nasu , Masafumi Udagawa , Yukitoshi Motome

The Kitaev interaction in a honeycomb lattice with higher-spin $S$ has been one of the central attractions, as it may offer quantum spin liquids. A microscopic theory showed that when the Hund's coupling at the transition metal generates…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-01-23 Jiefu Cen , Hae-Young Kee

The Kitaev honeycomb model plays a pivotal role in the quest for quantum spin liquids, in which fractional quasiparticles would provide applications in decoherence-free topological quantum computing. The key ingredient is the bond-dependent…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-10-11 Seong-Hoon Jang , Yukitoshi Motome

Recently, it has been proposed that higher-spin analogues of the Kitaev interactions $K>0$ may also occur in a number of materials with strong Hund's and spin-orbit coupling. In this work, we use Lanczos diagonalization and density matrix…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-10-26 Wen-Long You , Gaoyong Sun , Jie Ren , Wing Chi Yu , Andrzej M. Oleś

Recent experimental evidence for a field-induced quantum spin liquid (QSL) in $\alpha$-RuCl$_3$ calls for an understanding for the ground state of honeycomb Kitaev model under a magnetic field. In this work we address the nature of an…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-10-04 Hong-Chen Jiang , Chang-Yan Wang , Biao Huang , Yuan-Ming Lu

Intensive studies of the interplay between spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and electronic correlations in transition metal compounds have recently been undertaken. In particular, $j_{\rm eff}$ = 1/2 bands on a honeycomb lattice provide a pathway…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2015-06-24 Heung-Sik Kim , V. Vijay Shankar , Andrei Catuneanu , Hae-Young Kee

Quantum spin liquids (QSLs) host a variety of fractionalized particles. In Kitaev's paradigmatic honeycomb model a spin-$\tfrac{1}{2}$ fractionalizes into $Z_2$ flux due to emergent $Z_2$ gauge field and matter Majorana fermions. Although…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-01-22 Shi Feng , Nandini Trivedi