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Many deep learning applications, like keyword spotting, require the incorporation of new concepts (classes) over time, referred to as Class Incremental Learning (CIL). The major challenge in CIL is catastrophic forgetting, i.e., preserving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-28 Dong Ma , Chi Ian Tang , Cecilia Mascolo

The aim of Active Learning is to select the most informative samples from an unlabelled set of data. This is useful in cases where the amount of data is large and labelling is expensive, such as in machine vision or medical imaging. Two…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Julien Combes , Alexandre Derville , Jean-François Coeurjolly

In today's connected world, the generation of massive streaming data across diverse domains has become commonplace. In the presence of concept drift, class imbalance, label scarcity, and new class emergence, they jointly degrade…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Jin Li , Kleanthis Malialis , Marios Polycarpou

We propose a distillation scaling law that estimates distilled model performance based on a compute budget and its allocation between the student and teacher. Our findings mitigate the risks associated with large-scale distillation by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Dan Busbridge , Amitis Shidani , Floris Weers , Jason Ramapuram , Etai Littwin , Russ Webb

We consider class incremental learning (CIL) problem, in which a learning agent continuously learns new classes from incrementally arriving training data batches and aims to predict well on all the classes learned so far. The main challenge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Hongjoon Ahn , Jihwan Kwak , Subin Lim , Hyeonsu Bang , Hyojun Kim , Taesup Moon

Continual learning enables AI models to learn new data sequentially without retraining in real-world scenarios. Most existing methods assume the training data are balanced, aiming to reduce the catastrophic forgetting problem that models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Di Fang , Yinan Zhu , Runze Fang , Cen Chen , Ziqian Zeng , Huiping Zhuang

Data augmentation is widely applied and has shown its benefits in different machine learning tasks. However, as recently observed, it may have an unfair effect in multi-class classification. While data augmentation generally improves the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Yunpeng Jiang , Yutong Ban , Paul Weng

The influence of class orderings in the evaluation of incremental learning has received very little attention. In this paper, we investigate the impact of class orderings for incrementally learned classifiers. We propose a method to compute…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-08 Marc Masana , Bartłomiej Twardowski , Joost van de Weijer

In-context learning (ICL) allows large language models (LLMs) to solve novel tasks without weight updates. Despite its empirical success, the mechanism behind ICL remains poorly understood, limiting our ability to interpret, improve, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Chengye Li , Haiyun Liu , Yuanxi Li

Transfer learning with pre-trained neural networks is a common strategy for training classifiers in medical image analysis. Without proper channel selections, this often results in unnecessarily large models that hinder deployment and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-24 Ken C. L. Wong , Satyananda Kashyap , Mehdi Moradi

Active learning is a powerful tool when labelling data is expensive, but it introduces a bias because the training data no longer follows the population distribution. We formalize this bias and investigate the situations in which it can be…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-01 Sebastian Farquhar , Yarin Gal , Tom Rainforth

We propose a causal framework to explain the catastrophic forgetting in Class-Incremental Learning (CIL) and then derive a novel distillation method that is orthogonal to the existing anti-forgetting techniques, such as data replay and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Xinting Hu , Kaihua Tang , Chunyan Miao , Xian-Sheng Hua , Hanwang Zhang

Continual Learning is an unresolved challenge, whose relevance increases when considering modern applications. Unlike the human brain, trained deep neural networks suffer from a phenomenon called catastrophic forgetting, wherein they…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Shahar Shaul-Ariel , Daphna Weinshall

As image-based deep learning becomes pervasive on every device, from cell phones to smart watches, there is a growing need to develop methods that continually learn from data while minimizing memory footprint and power consumption. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-24 Dongsub Shim , Zheda Mai , Jihwan Jeong , Scott Sanner , Hyunwoo Kim , Jongseong Jang

Active learning aims to reduce the labeling effort that is required to train algorithms by learning an acquisition function selecting the most relevant data for which a label should be requested from a large unlabeled data pool. Active…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Javad Zolfaghari Bengar , Joost van de Weijer , Laura Lopez Fuentes , Bogdan Raducanu

Incremental learning (IL) aims to acquire new knowledge from current tasks while retaining knowledge learned from previous tasks. Replay-based IL methods store a set of exemplars from previous tasks in a buffer and replay them when learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Jiangtao Kong , Jiacheng Shi , Ashley Gao , Shaohan Hu , Tianyi Zhou , Huajie Shao

The main purpose of incremental learning is to learn new knowledge while not forgetting the knowledge which have been learned before. At present, the main challenge in this area is the catastrophe forgetting, namely the network will lose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-13 Qiuyu Zhu , Zikuang He , Xin Ye

The advent of artificial intelligence has significantly enhanced credit scoring technologies. Despite the remarkable efficacy of advanced deep learning models, mainstream adoption continues to favor tree-structured models due to their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Xia Li , Hanghang Zheng , Xiwei Zhuang , Zhong Wang , Xiao Chen , Hong Liu , Jasmine Bai , Mao Mao

Class-incremental learning (CIL) has emerged as a means to learn new classes incrementally without catastrophic forgetting of previous classes. Recently, CIL has undergone a paradigm shift towards dynamic architectures due to their superior…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Sunyuan Qiang , Yanyan Liang , Jun Wan , Du Zhang

Complementary-label learning (CLL) is widely used in weakly supervised classification, but it faces a significant challenge in real-world datasets when confronted with class-imbalanced training samples. In such scenarios, the number of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Meng Wei , Yong Zhou , Zhongnian Li , Xinzheng Xu