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Stars are usually formed in clusters in the dense cores of molecular clouds. These embedded clusters show a wide variety of morphologies from hierarchical clusters with substructure to centrally condensed ones. Often they are elongated and…
The innate immune system is vital to rapidly responding to pathogens and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a critical component of this response. Nanovesicular exosomes play a role in immunity, but to date their exact contribution to the…
In protein biophysics, the separation between the functionally important residues (forming the active site or binding surface) and those that create the overall structure (the fold) is a well-established and fundamental concept. Identifying…
Developing epithelial tissues coordinate cell proliferation and mechanical forces to achieve proper size and shape. As epithelial cells tightly adhere together to form the confluent tissue, the distribution of cell areas significantly…
As an injury heals, an embryo develops, or a carcinoma spreads, epithelial cells systematically change their shape. In each of these processes cell shape is studied extensively, whereas variation of shape from cell-to-cell is dismissed most…
Understanding the electrical double layer (EDL), i.e, the distribution of electrolyte at an electrified interface, in concentrated electrolytes is important for various technologies, such as supercapacitors, batteries and electrocatalysis.…
Recently, deep clustering methods have gained momentum because of the high representational power of deep neural networks (DNNs) such as autoencoder. The key idea is that representation learning and clustering can reinforce each other: Good…
Background The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is frequently overexpressed in many cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In silcio modeling is considered to be an increasingly promising tool to add useful insights…
Stem cell regeneration is a crucial biological process for most self-renewing tissues during the development and maintenance of tissue homeostasis. In developing the mathematical models of stem cell regeneration and tissue development, cell…
This work explores the morphology and dynamical properties of cores within rich superclusters, highlighting their role as transitional structures in the large-scale structure of the Universe. Using projected and radial velocity…
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) are receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) that regulate proliferation, migration, angiogenesis and vascular permeability of endothelial cells. VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 bind vascular endothelial…
The rotational echo response of molecules is found to strongly depend on the delay between the two ultrashort laser pulses, as opposed to two-level systems. We study this dependence experimentally and theoretically and show that by…
Collective motion of cells is common in many physiological processes, including tissue development, repair, and tumor formation. Recent experiments have shown that certain malignant cancer cells form clusters in a chemoattractant gradient,…
This work studies the classical spectral clustering algorithm which embeds the vertices of some graph $G=(V_G, E_G)$ into $\mathbb{R}^k$ using $k$ eigenvectors of some matrix of $G$, and applies $k$-means to partition $V_G$ into $k$…
A large number of studies have shown the existence of metabolic covalent modifications in different molecular structures, able to store biochemical information that is not encoded by the DNA. Some of these covalent mark patterns can be…
Cell differentiation in multicellular organisms is a complex process whose mechanism can be understood by a reductionist approach, in which the individual processes that control the generation of different cell types are identified.…
Aggregation of animal cells in culture comprises a series of motility, collision and adhesion processes of basic relevance for tissue engineering, bioseparations, oncology research and \textit{in vitro} drug testing. In the present paper, a…
A closer look at nature has recently brought more interest in exploring and utilizing intra-body communication networks composed of cells as intrinsic, perfectly biocompatible infrastructures to deliver therapeutics. Naturally occurring…
The joint optimization of representation learning and clustering in the embedding space has experienced a breakthrough in recent years. In spite of the advance, clustering with representation learning has been limited to flat-level…
Epithelial cells form diverse structures from squamous spherical organoids to densely packed pseudostratified tissues. Quantification of cellular properties in these contexts requires high-resolution deep imaging and computational…