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We explore neural language modeling for speech recognition where the context spans multiple sentences. Rather than encode history beyond the current sentence using a cache of words or document-level features, we focus our study on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-13 Sarangarajan Parthasarathy , William Gale , Xie Chen , George Polovets , Shuangyu Chang

We present results that show it is possible to build a competitive, greatly simplified, large vocabulary continuous speech recognition system with whole words as acoustic units. We model the output vocabulary of about 100,000 words directly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-11-01 Hagen Soltau , Hank Liao , Hasim Sak

Language models are the foundation of current neural network-based models for natural language understanding and generation. However, research on the intrinsic performance of language models on African languages has been extremely limited,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-05 Stuart Mesham , Luc Hayward , Jared Shapiro , Jan Buys

This paper presents a high-quality dataset for evaluating the quality of Bangla word embeddings, which is a fundamental task in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP). Despite being the 7th most-spoken language in the world, Bangla…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Mousumi Akter , Souvika Sarkar , Shubhra Kanti Karmaker Santu

Although masked language models are highly performant and widely adopted by NLP practitioners, they can not be easily used for autoregressive language modelling (next word prediction and sequence probability estimation). We present an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-08 Vilém Zouhar , Marius Mosbach , Dietrich Klakow

Language modeling studies the probability distributions over strings of texts. It is one of the most fundamental tasks in natural language processing (NLP). It has been widely used in text generation, speech recognition, machine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Chengwei Wei , Yun-Cheng Wang , Bin Wang , C. -C. Jay Kuo

The paper presents the capability of an HMM-based TTS system to produce Bengali speech. In this synthesis method, trajectories of speech parameters are generated from the trained Hidden Markov Models. A final speech waveform is synthesized…

Sound · Computer Science 2014-06-17 Sankar Mukherjee , Shyamal Kumar Das Mandal

We propose an unsupervised method to obtain cross-lingual embeddings without any parallel data or pre-trained word embeddings. The proposed model, which we call multilingual neural language models, takes sentences of multiple languages as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-10 Takashi Wada , Tomoharu Iwata

Small language models (SLMs), despite their widespread adoption in modern smart devices, have received significantly less academic attention compared to their large language model (LLM) counterparts, which are predominantly deployed in data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Zhenyan Lu , Xiang Li , Dongqi Cai , Rongjie Yi , Fangming Liu , Xiwen Zhang , Nicholas D. Lane , Mengwei Xu

Automatic speech recognition and spoken dialogue systems have made great advances through the use of deep machine learning methods. This is partly due to greater computing power but also through the large amount of data available in common…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-04 Boris Mocialov , Graham Turner , Helen Hastie

Bengali is one of the most spoken languages in the world with over 300 million speakers globally. Despite its popularity, research into the development of Bengali speech recognition systems is hindered due to the lack of diverse open-source…

Solving Bengali Math Word Problems (MWPs) remains a major challenge in natural language processing (NLP) due to the language's low-resource status and the multi-step reasoning required. Existing models struggle with complex Bengali MWPs,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Bidyarthi Paul , Jalisha Jashim Era , Mirazur Rahman Zim , Tahmid Sattar Aothoi , Faisal Muhammad Shah

Recent advances in multilingual representation learning aim to bridge the performance gap between high- and low-resource languages, yet their ability to preserve affective meaning across languages remains underexplored, particularly for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Nusrat Jahan Lia , Shubhashis Roy Dipta

Neural cache language models (LMs) extend the idea of regular cache language models by making the cache probability dependent on the similarity between the current context and the context of the words in the cache. We make an extensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-25 Lyan Verwimp , Joris Pelemans , Hugo Van hamme , Patrick Wambacq

We present our first efforts in building an automatic speech recognition system for Somali, an under-resourced language, using 1.57 hrs of annotated speech for acoustic model training. The system is part of an ongoing effort by the United…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Raghav Menon , Astik Biswas , Armin Saeb , John Quinn , Thomas Niesler

In this work we explore recent advances in Recurrent Neural Networks for large scale Language Modeling, a task central to language understanding. We extend current models to deal with two key challenges present in this task: corpora and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-02-15 Rafal Jozefowicz , Oriol Vinyals , Mike Schuster , Noam Shazeer , Yonghui Wu

We propose an alternate approach to quantifying how well language models learn natural language: we ask how well they match the statistical tendencies of natural language. To answer this question, we analyze whether text generated from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-31 Clara Meister , Ryan Cotterell

While Large Language Models (LLM) have created a massive technological impact in the past decade, allowing for human-enabled applications, they can produce output that contains stereotypes and biases, especially when using low-resource…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Azmine Toushik Wasi , Raima Islam , Mst Rafia Islam , Taki Hasan Rafi , Dong-Kyu Chae

A fundamental characteristic of natural language is the high rate at which speakers produce novel expressions. Because of this novelty, a heavy-tail of rare events accounts for a significant amount of the total probability mass of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-25 Benjamin LeBrun , Alessandro Sordoni , Timothy J. O'Donnell

In the literature, tensors have been effectively used for capturing the context information in language models. However, the existing methods usually adopt relatively-low order tensors, which have limited expressive power in modeling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-02-01 Lipeng Zhang , Peng Zhang , Xindian Ma , Shuqin Gu , Zhan Su , Dawei Song