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Training of deep neural networks (DNNs) frequently involves optimizing several millions or even billions of parameters. Even with modern computing architectures, the computational expense of DNN training can inhibit, for instance, network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-26 Mauricio E. Tano , Gavin D. Portwood , Jean C. Ragusa

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) now acts as a fundamental part of optimization in current machine learning. Meanwhile, deep learning architectures have shown outstanding performance in a wide range of fields, such as natural language…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Zhao Song , Song Yue

Neural networks trained with standard objectives exhibit behaviors characteristic of probabilistic inference: soft clustering, prototype specialization, and Bayesian uncertainty tracking. These phenomena appear across architectures -- in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Alan Oursland

We investigate the convergence rates and data sample sizes required for training a machine learning model using a stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithm, where data points are sampled based on either their loss value or uncertainty…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Daniel Haimovich , Dima Karamshuk , Fridolin Linder , Niek Tax , Milan Vojnovic

We focus on the classification problem with a separable dataset, one of the most important and classical problems from machine learning. The standard approach to this task is logistic regression with gradient descent (LR+GD). Recent studies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Alexander Tyurin

In this paper, we propose BPGrad, a novel approximate algorithm for deep nueral network training, based on adaptive estimates of feasible region via branch-and-bound. The method is based on the assumption of Lipschitz continuity in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Yuanwei Wu , Ziming Zhang , Guanghui Wang

We demonstrate that for strongly log-convex densities whose potentials are discontinuous on manifolds, the ULA algorithm converges with stepsize bias of order $1/2$ in Wasserstein-p distance. Our resulting bound is then of the same order as…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-12-05 Tim Johnston , Sotirios Sabanis

Machine unlearning is the process through which a deployed machine learning model is made to forget about some of its training data points. While naively retraining the model from scratch is an option, it is almost always associated with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-03 Anvith Thudi , Gabriel Deza , Varun Chandrasekaran , Nicolas Papernot

Modern deep learning techniques focus on extracting intricate information from data to achieve accurate predictions. However, the training datasets may be crowdsourced and include sensitive information, such as personal contact details,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-10 Zhongjie Shi , Puyu Wang , Chenyang Zhang , Yuan Cao

Deep learning's successes are often attributed to its ability to automatically discover new representations of the data, rather than relying on handcrafted features like other learning methods. We show, however, that deep networks learned…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-02 Pedro Domingos

We study learning to learn for regression problems through the lens of hyperparameter tuning. We propose the Langevin Gradient Descent Algorithm (LGD), which approximates the mean of the posterior distribution defined by the loss function…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Saumya Goyal , Rohith Rongali , Ritabrata Ray , Barnabás Póczos

We develop new sub-optimality bounds for gradient descent (GD) that depend on the conditioning of the objective along the path of optimization rather than on global, worst-case constants. Key to our proofs is directional smoothness, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Aaron Mishkin , Ahmed Khaled , Yuanhao Wang , Aaron Defazio , Robert M. Gower

Natural gradient descent is a principled method for adapting the parameters of a statistical model on-line using an underlying Riemannian parameter space to redefine the direction of steepest descent. The algorithm is examined via methods…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-10-31 Magnus Rattray , David Saad

Gradient Descent (GD) is a powerful workhorse of modern machine learning thanks to its scalability and efficiency in high-dimensional spaces. Its ability to find local minimisers is only guaranteed for losses with Lipschitz gradients, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Lei Chen , Joan Bruna

The Projected Gradient Descent (PGD) algorithm is a widely used and efficient first-order method for solving constrained optimization problems due to its simplicity and scalability in large design spaces. Building on recent advancements in…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-06-18 Lucka Barbeau , Marc-Étienne Lamarche-Gagnon , Florin Ilinca

Most theoretical studies explaining the regularization effect in deep learning have only focused on gradient descent with a sufficient small learning rate or even gradient flow (infinitesimal learning rate). Such researches, however, have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Wei Huang , Weitao Du , Richard Yi Da Xu , Chunrui Liu

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) has been the dominant optimization method for training deep neural networks due to its many desirable properties. One of the more remarkable and least understood quality of SGD is that it generalizes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-03 Erhan Bilal

In nonsmooth optimization, a negative subgradient is not necessarily a descent direction, making the design of convergent descent methods based on zeroth-order and first-order information a challenging task. The well-studied bundle methods…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-13 Hanyang Li , Ying Cui

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) has achieved great success in training deep neural network, where the gradient is computed through back-propagation. However, the back-propagated values of different layers vary dramatically. This…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-02-28 Huishuai Zhang , Wei Chen , Tie-Yan Liu

Deep networks run with low precision operations at inference time offer power and space advantages over high precision alternatives, but need to overcome the challenge of maintaining high accuracy as precision decreases. Here, we present a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-08 Steven K. Esser , Jeffrey L. McKinstry , Deepika Bablani , Rathinakumar Appuswamy , Dharmendra S. Modha