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Active matter encompasses systems whose individual consituents dissipate energy to exert propelling forces on their environment. This rapidly developing field harbors a dynamical phenomenology with no counterpart in passive systems. The…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-12-19 Jérémy O'Byrne , Yariv Kafri , Julien Tailleur , Frédéric van Wijland

The electronic Lorentz theory is employed to determine the electromagnetic response of planar split-ring metamaterials. Starting from the dynamics of individual free carriers, the effective permittivity tensor of the metamaterial is…

The classical laws of physics are usually invariant under time reversal. Here, we reveal a novel class of magnetomechanical effects rigorously breaking time-reversal symmetry. The effect is based on the mechanical rotation of a hard magnet…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-02-08 Elena Y. Vedmedenko , Roland Wiesendanger

We derive general coupled-mode equations describing the nonlinear interaction of electromagnetic modes in media with loss and gain. Our approach is rigorously based on the Lorentz reciprocity theorem, and it can be applied to a broad range…

We demonstrate that a wide array of machine learning algorithms are specific instances of one single paradigm: reciprocal learning. These instances range from active learning over multi-armed bandits to self-training. We show that all these…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-11-05 Julian Rodemann , Christoph Jansen , Georg Schollmeyer

The paper provides a theoretical analysis for elastic unpolarized neutron scattering by systems having a non-coplanar magnetic induction spatial distribution. It is shown that reciprocity does not hold for neutron scattered by these…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2011-01-17 D. A. Tatarsky , O. G. Udalov , A. A. Fraerman

A logic of reciprocity between inertial frames in relative uniform motion is investigated. Relativity allows any reference frame to apply Lorentz Transformation while reciprocity would require the relative frame to use Inverse…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Chao Y. Yang

If a system is at thermodynamic equilibrium, an observer cannot tell whether a film of it is being played forward or in reverse: any transition will occur with the same frequency in the forward as in the reverse direction. However, if…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-07-01 John W. Biddle , Jeremy Gunawardena

Noncentrosymmetric superconductors offer fascinating phenomena of quantum transport and optics such as nonreciprocal and nonlinear responses. Time-reversal symmetry breaking often plays an essential role in the emergence and enhancement of…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-03-31 Hiroto Tanaka , Hikaru Watanabe , Youichi Yanase

Fluctuation theorems establish deep relations between observables away from thermal equilibrium. Until recently, the research on fluctuation theorems was focused on time-reversal-invariant systems. In this review we address some newly…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-18 Chenjie Wang , D. E. Feldman

We report on the demonstration of an effective, nonlinearity-induced non-reciprocal behavior in a single non-magnetic multi-mode Taiji resonator. Non-reciprocity is achieved by a combination of an intensity-dependent refractive index and of…

Invariance under time translation (or stationarity) is probably one of the most important assumptions made when investigating electromagnetic phenomena. Breaking this assumption is expected to open up novel possibilities and result in…

Applied Physics · Physics 2021-10-06 M. S. Mirmoosa , T. T. Koutserimpas , G. A. Ptitcyn , S. A. Tretyakov , R. Fleury

Scanning photocurrent maps in inhomogeneous materials contain nontrivial patterns, which often can only be understood with a full model of device geometry and nonuniformities. We remark on the consequences of Onsager reciprocity to the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-11-10 Mark B. Lundeberg , Frank H. L. Koppens

Time-varying materials bring an extra degree of design freedom compared to their conventional time-invariant counterparts. However, few discussions have focused on the underlying physical difference between spatial and temporal boundaries.…

Optics · Physics 2023-04-05 Wending Mai , Jingwei Xu , Douglas H. Werner

Based on Document (1), by considering the retarded interaction of radiation fields, the third order transition probabilities of stimulated radiations and absorptions of light are calculated. The revised formulas of nonlinear polarizations…

General Physics · Physics 2008-04-22 Mei Xiaochun

In this article, we show fundamentals and recent advances on the transverse thermoelectric generation, in which a thermopower is generated in the direction perpendicular to an applied temperature gradient. Transverse thermoelectric…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-10-26 Ken-ichi Uchida , Joseph P. Heremans

We define symmetries in non-relativistic quantum electrodynamics, which have the physical interpretation of rotation, parity and time reversal symmetry. We collect transformation properties related to these symmetries in Fock space…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-10-22 David Hasler , Markus Lange

Within the general formalism of quantum theory irreversibility and the arrow of time in the evolution of various physical systems are studied. Irreversible behavior often manifests itself in the guise of entropy production. This motivates…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-10 Jürg Fröhlich

Nonreciprocal effects in nanoelectronic devices offer unique possibilities for manipulating electron transport and engineering quantum electronic circuits for information processing purposes. However, a lack of rigorous theoretical tools is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-15 Junjie Liu , Dvira Segal

We introduce a class of non-Hermitian systems that break electromagnetic reciprocity while preserving time-reversal symmetry, and describe its novel polarization dynamics. We show that this class of systems can be realized using van der…

Optics · Physics 2020-07-01 Siddharth Buddhiraju , Alex Song , Georgia T. Papadakis , Shanhui Fan