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We conducted extensive numerical experiments of equal mass three-body systems until they became disrupted. The system lifetimes, as a bound triple, and the Lyapunov times show a correlation similarto what has been earlier obtained for small…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-23 Seppo Mikkola , Kiyotaka Tanikawa

Self-consistent N-body simulations are efficient tools to study galactic dynamics. However, using them to study individual trajectories (or ensembles) in detail can be challenging. Such orbital studies are important to shed light on global…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-17 T. Manos , Rubens E. G. Machado

In self-gravitating $N$-body systems, small perturbations introduced at the start, or infinitesimal errors that are produced by the numerical integrator or are due to limited precision in the computer, grow exponentially with time. For…

A large sample of planet-planet scattering events for three planet systems with different orbital separations and masses is analyzed with a multiple regression model. The dependence of the time for the onset of instability on the masses of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-20 Francesco Marzari

Studying the orbital stability of multi-planet systems is essential to understand planet formation, estimate the stable time of an observed planetary system, and advance population synthesis models. Although previous studies have primarily…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-01 Sheng Yang , Liangyu Wu , Zekai Zheng , Masahiro Ogihara , Kangrou Guo , Wenzhan Ouyang , Yaxing He

We examine the stability of hierarchical triple systems using direct $N$-body simulations without adopting a secular perturbation approximation. We estimate their disruption timescales in addition to the mere stable/unstable criterion, with…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-16 Toshinori Hayashi , Alessandro A. Trani , Yasushi Suto

Planetary debris is observed in the atmospheres of over 1,000 white dwarfs, and two white dwarfs are now observed to contain orbiting minor planets. Exoasteroids and planetary core fragments achieve orbits close to the white dwarf through…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-09-18 Kyriaki I. Antoniadou , Dimitri Veras

For appropriately chosen weights, temporal averages in chaotic systems can be approximated as a weighted sum of averages over reference states, such as unstable periodic orbits. Under strict assumptions, such as completeness of the orbit…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-06-23 Joshua L. Pughe-Sanford , Sam Quinn , Teodor Balabanski , Roman O. Grigoriev

The discovery of Pluto's small moons in the last decade brought attention to the dynamics of the dwarf planet's satellites. With such systems in mind, we study a planar $N$-body system in which all the bodies are point masses, except for a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-04 James A. Kwiecinski , Attila Kovacs , Andrew L. Krause , Ferran Brosa Planella , Robert A. Van Gorder

We consider the chaotic motion of low-mass bodies in two-body high-order mean-motion resonances with planets in model planetary systems, and analytically estimate the Lyapunov and diffusion timescales of the motion in multiplets of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-27 Ivan I. Shevchenko

On timescales that greatly exceed an orbital period, typical planetary orbits evolve in a stochastic yet stable fashion. On even longer timescales, however, planetary orbits can spontaneously transition from bounded to unbound chaotic…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-23 Konstantin Batygin , Alessandro Morbidelli , Mathew J. Holman

Although the discovery of the chaotic motion of the inner planets in the solar system dates back to more than thirty years ago, the secular chaos of their orbits still dares more analytical analyses. Apart from the high-dimensional…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-03 Federico Mogavero , Jacques Laskar

In this paper, an extremely accurate numerical algorithm, namely the "clean numerical simulation" (CNS), is proposed to accurately simulate the propagation of micro-level inherent physical uncertainty of chaotic dynamic systems. The chaotic…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2012-12-27 S. J. Liao

The distribution of orbital period ratios between adjacent observed exoplanets is approximately uniform, but exhibits a strong falloff toward close orbital separations. We show that this falloff can be explained through past dynamical…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-30 Kaitlyn Chen , Oswaldo Cardenas , Brandon Bonifacio , Nikolas Hall , Rori Kang , Daniel Tamayo

Self-gravitating systems of $N$ particles are chaotic. We wonder how chaotic the Galaxy is, and what the consequences are. We therefore simulate the dynamical evolution of a galaxy-scale distribution of point masses in order to measure the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-04-15 T. Asano , S. Portegies Zwart

Celestial bodies approximated with rigid triaxial ellipsoids in a two-body system can rotate chaotically due to the time-varying gravitational torque from the central mass. At small orbital eccentricity values, rotation is short-term…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-27 Valeri V. Makarov , Alexey Goldin , Alexei V. Tkachenko , Dimitri Veras , Benoît Noyelles

We show that stability of planetary systems is intimately connected with their internal order. An arbitrary initial distribution of planets is susceptible to catastrophic events in which planets either collide or are ejected from the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-08 Rentao Pakter , Yan Levin

We considered the problem of stability for planets of finite mass in binary star systems. We selected a huge set of initial conditions for planetary orbits of the S-type, to perform high precision and very extended in time integrations. For…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-08-26 Roberto Capuzzo-Dolcetta , Giovanni De Cesare , Alessio Marino

Chaotic behavior in dynamical systems poses a significant challenge in trajectory control, traditionally relying on computationally intensive physical models. We present a machine learning-based algorithm to compute the minimum control…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2025-06-18 David Valle , Rubén Capeáns , Alexandre Wagemakers , Miguel A. F. Sanjuán

Studies of dynamical stability (chaotic versus regular motion) in galactic dynamics often rely on static analytical models of the total gravitational potential. Potentials based upon self-consistent N-body simulations offer more realistic…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-04-08 Rubens E. G. Machado , T. Manos