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Multimodal representation learning has demonstrated remarkable potential in enabling models to process and integrate diverse data modalities, such as text and images, for improved understanding and performance. While the medical domain can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Shuvendu Roy , Franklin Ogidi , Ali Etemad , Elham Dolatabadi , Arash Afkanpour

Recommender systems learn from past user behavior to predict future user preferences. Intuitively, it has been established that the most recent interactions are more indicative of future preferences than older interactions. Many…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Joey De Pauw , Bart Goethals

Industrial recommendation systems are typically composed of multiple stages, including retrieval, ranking, and blending. The retrieval stage plays a critical role in generating a high-recall set of candidate items that covers a wide range…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Zhibo Fan , Hongtao Lin , Haoyu Chen , Bowen Deng , Hedi Xia , Yuke Yan , James Li

Web search is among the most frequent online activities. Whereas traditional information retrieval techniques focus on the information need behind a user query, previous work has shown that user behaviour and interaction can provide…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Ran Yu , Limock , Stefan Dietze

Learning algorithms become more powerful, often at the cost of increased complexity. In response, the demand for algorithms to be transparent is growing. In NLP tasks, attention distributions learned by attention-based deep learning models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-09 Joris Baan , Maartje ter Hoeve , Marlies van der Wees , Anne Schuth , Maarten de Rijke

Getting a good understanding of the customer intent is essential in e-commerce search engines. In particular, associating the correct product type to a search query plays a vital role in surfacing correct products to the customers. Query…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Anna Tigunova , Thomas Ricatte , Ghadir Eraisha

Intelligent fashion outfit composition becomes more and more popular in these years. Some deep learning based approaches reveal competitive composition recently. However, the unexplainable characteristic makes such deep learning based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-06-22 Zunlei Feng , Zhenyun Yu , Yezhou Yang , Yongcheng Jing , Junxiao Jiang , Mingli Song

Deep learning research aims at discovering learning algorithms that discover multiple levels of distributed representations, with higher levels representing more abstract concepts. Although the study of deep learning has already led to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-06-10 Yoshua Bengio

Unsupervised learning of low-dimensional, semantic representations of words and entities has recently gained attention. In this paper we describe the Semantic Entity Retrieval Toolkit (SERT) that provides implementations of our previously…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-18 Christophe Van Gysel , Maarten de Rijke , Evangelos Kanoulas

Search queries with superlatives (e.g., best, most popular) require comparing candidates across multiple dimensions, demanding linguistic understanding and domain knowledge. We show that LLMs can uncover latent intent behind these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Yilun Zhu , Nikhita Vedula , Shervin Malmasi

Active learning is the iterative construction of a classification model through targeted labeling, enabling significant labeling cost savings. As most research on active learning has been carried out before transformer-based language models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Christopher Schröder , Andreas Niekler , Martin Potthast

Query translation (QT) is a key component in cross-lingual information retrieval system (CLIR). With the help of deep learning, neural machine translation (NMT) has shown promising results on various tasks. However, NMT is generally trained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Tianchi Bi , Liang Yao , Baosong Yang , Haibo Zhang , Weihua Luo , Boxing Chen

Understanding and classifying query intents can improve retrieval effectiveness by helping align search results with the motivations behind user queries. However, existing intent taxonomies are typically derived from system log data and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Melanie A. Kilian , David Elsweiler

Knowledge graphs represent real-world entities and their relations in a semantically-rich structure supported by ontologies. Exploring this data with machine learning methods often relies on knowledge graph embeddings, which produce latent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-23 Rita T. Sousa , Sara Silva , Catia Pesquita

Understanding internal representations of neural models is a core interest of mechanistic interpretability. Due to its large dimensionality, the representation space can encode various aspects about inputs. To what extent are different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Xinting Huang , Michael Hahn

For ambiguous queries, conventional retrieval systems are bound by two conflicting goals. On the one hand, they should diversify and strive to present results for as many query intents as possible. On the other hand, they should provide…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Karthik Raman , Thorsten Joachims , Pannaga Shivaswamy

Deep Learning and Machine Learning based models have become extremely popular in text processing and information retrieval. However, the non-linear structures present inside the networks make these models largely inscrutable. A significant…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Sourav Saha , Debapriyo Majumdar , Mandar Mitra

Attention mechanisms that confer selective focus on a strict subset of input elements are nearly ubiquitous in language models today. We posit there to be downside to the use of attention: most input information is lost. In support of this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Benjamin L. Badger

Query understanding in large-scale industrial search systems is typically implemented as a cascade of disparate, task-specific components. While individually optimizable, this fragmented architecture incurs high maintenance overhead and…

Complex natural language understanding modules in dialog systems have a richer understanding of user utterances, and thus are critical in providing a better user experience. However, these models are often created from scratch, for specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-22 Brian Lester , Sagnik Ray Choudhury , Rashmi Prasad , Srinivas Bangalore