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We introduce STRIVE (SpatioTemporal Reinforcement with Importance-aware Variant Exploration), a structured reinforcement learning framework for video question answering. While group-based policy optimization methods have shown promise in…
One of the fundamental cognitive abilities of humans is to quickly resolve uncertainty by generating hypotheses and testing them via active trials. Encountering a novel phenomenon accompanied by ambiguous cause-effect relationships, humans…
Understanding the meaning of existing SQL queries is critical for code maintenance and reuse. Yet SQL can be hard to read, even for expert users or the original creator of a query. We conjecture that it is possible to capture the logical…
Automatic verification of array manipulating programs is a challenging problem because it often amounts to the inference of in ductive quantified loop invariants which, in some cases, may not even be firstorder expressible. In this paper,…
Despite the vast body of research literature proposing algorithms with formal guarantees, the amount of verifiable code in today's systems remains minimal. This discrepancy stems from the inherent difficulty of verifying code, particularly…
Data visualizations are created and shared on the web at an unprecedented speed, raising new needs and questions for processing and analyzing visualizations after they have been generated and digitized. However, existing formalisms focus on…
This paper defines a new visual reasoning paradigm by introducing an important factor, i.e.~transformation. The motivation comes from the fact that most existing visual reasoning tasks, such as CLEVR in VQA, are solely defined to test how…
Humanoid Visual Search (HVS) requires agents to actively explore immersive 360$^\circ$ environments. While prior methods treat this as a monolithic task relying on cumulative, multi-turn Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning, they impose heavy…
We study pushdown systems where control states, stack alphabet, and transition relation, instead of being finite, are first-order definable in a fixed countably-infinite structure. We show that the reachability analysis can be addressed…
Trust plays a critical role in visual data communication and decision-making, yet existing visualization research employs varied trust measures, making it challenging to compare and synthesize findings across studies. In this work, we first…
This paper studies Linear Temporal Logic over Finite Traces (LTLf) where proposition letters are replaced with first-order formulas interpreted over arbitrary theories, in the spirit of Satisfiability Modulo Theories. The resulting logic,…
Although we have seen a proliferation of algorithms for recommending visualizations, these algorithms are rarely compared with one another, making it difficult to ascertain which algorithm is best for a given visual analysis scenario.…
The rapid growth of video content across domains such as surveillance, education, and social media has made efficient content understanding increasingly critical. Video summarization addresses this challenge by generating concise yet…
Robustness of reasoning remains a significant challenge for large language models, and addressing it is essential for the practical applicability of AI-driven reasoning systems. We introduce Semantic Self-Verification (SSV), a novel…
Motivated by certain applications from physics, biochemistry, economics, and computer science, in which the objects under investigation are not accessible because of various limitations, we propose a trial-and-error model to examine…
Many animals, and an increasing number of artificial agents, display sophisticated capabilities to perceive and manipulate objects. But human beings remain distinctive in their capacity for flexible, creative tool use -- using objects in…
Designing a visualization is often a process of iterative refinement where the designer improves a chart over time by adding features, improving encodings, and fixing mistakes. However, effective design requires external critique and…
Artificial Intelligence algorithms have now become pervasive in multiple high-stakes domains. However, their internal logic can be obscure to humans. Explainable Artificial Intelligence aims to design tools and techniques to illustrate the…
LLM-generated explanations can make technical content more accessible, but there is a ceiling on what they can support interactively. Because LLM outputs are static text, they cannot be executed or stepped through. We argue that grounding…
Program semantics can often be expressed as a (many-sorted) first-order theory S, and program properties as sentences $\varphi$ which are intended to hold in the canonical model of such a theory, which is often incomputable. Recently, we…