Related papers: Supply Network Formation and Fragility
Random networks are a powerful tool in the analytical modeling of complex networks as they allow us to write approximate mathematical models for diverse properties and behaviors of networks. One notable shortcoming of these models is that…
We introduce heterogeneous R&D productivities into an endogenous R&D network formation model, generalizing the framework of Goyal and Moraga-Gonz\'alez (2001). Heterogeneous productivities endogenously create asymmetric gains from…
Propagation of balance-sheet or cash-flow insolvency across financial institutions may be modeled as a cascade process on a network representing their mutual exposures. We derive rigorous asymptotic results for the magnitude of contagion in…
A supply chain is a system which moves products from a supplier to customers. The supply chains are ubiquitous. They play a key role in all economic activities. Inspired by biological principles of nutrients' distribution in protoplasmic…
Supply Chain Management often requires independent organizations to work together to achieve shared objectives. This collaboration is necessary when coordinated actions benefit the group more than the uncoordinated efforts of individual…
The rapid advancement of technology underscores the critical importance of robustness in complex network systems. This paper presents a framework for investigating the structural robustness of interconnected network models. This paper…
The ongoing modernization of the power system, involving new equipment installations and upgrades, exposes the power system to the introduction of malware into its operation through supply chain attacks. Supply chain attacks present a…
Even large firms such as Walmart, Apple, and Coca-Cola face persistent fluctuations in costs, demand, and raw material availability. These are not \textit{rare events} and cannot be evaluated using traditional disruption models focused on…
Power grid outages cause huge economical and societal costs. Disruptions in the power distribution grid are responsible for a significant fraction of electric power unavailability to customers. The impact of extreme weather conditions,…
Many complex systems, such as communication networks, display a surprising degree of robustness: while key components regularly malfunction, local failures rarely lead to the loss of the global information-carrying ability of the network.…
Professional networks -- the social networks among people in a given line of work -- can serve as a conduit for job prospects and other opportunities. Here we propose a model for the formation of such networks and the transfer of…
Network structure strongly constrains the range of dynamic behaviors available to a complex system. These system dynamics can be classified based on their response to perturbations over time into two distinct regimes, ordered or chaotic,…
The stability of the global food supply network is critical for ensuring food security. This study constructs an aggregated international food supply network based on the trade data of four staple crops and evaluates its structural…
Physical concepts developed to describe instabilities in traffic flows can be generalized in a way that allows one to understand the well-known instability of supply chains (the so-called ``bullwhip effect''). That is, small variations in…
Socio-technical systems, where technological and human elements interact in a goal-oriented manner, provide important functional support to our societies. Here we draw attention to the underappreciated concept of timeliness -- i.e., system…
We address a fundamental problem that is systematically encountered when modeling complex systems: the limitedness of the information available. In the case of economic and financial networks, privacy issues severely limit the information…
Maximizing robustness and minimizing cost are common objectives in the design of infrastructure networks. However, most infrastructure networks evolve and operate in a highly decentralized fashion, which may significantly impact the…
Many complex systems can be described in terms of networks of interacting units. Recent studies have shown that a wide class of both natural and artificial nets display a surprisingly widespread feature: the presence of highly heterogeneous…
Supply chains form the backbone of modern economies and therefore require reliable information flows. In practice, however, supply chains face severe technical challenges, especially regarding security and privacy. In this work, we…
Many critical infrastructure systems have network structure and are under stress. Despite their national importance, the complexity of large-scale transport networks means we do not fully understand their vulnerabilities to cascade…