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Related papers: Guesswork with Quantum Side Information

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This paper provides upper and lower bounds on the optimal guessing moments of a random variable taking values on a finite set when side information may be available. These moments quantify the number of guesses required for correctly…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-06-22 Igal Sason , Sergio Verdú

We introduce a way of quantifying how informative a quantum measurement is, starting from a resource-theoretic perspective. This quantifier, which we call the robustness of measurement, describes how much `noise' must be added to a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-17 Paul Skrzypczyk , Noah Linden

We investigate the generic aspects of quantum coherence guided by the concentration of measure phenomenon. We find the average relative entropy of coherence of pure quantum states sampled randomly from the uniform Haar measure and show that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-30 Uttam Singh , Lin Zhang , Arun Kumar Pati

Quantum state discrimination, alongside its other applications, has recently found use as a tool for witnessing generalised contextuality. In this article, we derive noncontextuality inequalities for both conclusive and inconclusive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-07 Kieran Flatt , Joonwoo Bae

Complex numbers are theoretically proved and experimentally confirmed as necessary in quantum mechanics and quantum information, and a resource theory of imaginarity of quantum states has been established. In this work, we establish a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-08 Chuanfa Wu , Zhaoqi Wu

Quantum computing algorithms require that the quantum register be initially present in a superposition state. To achieve this, we consider the practical problem of creating a coherent superposition state of several qubits. Owing to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 Subhash Kak

The usual conjectures of quantum measurements approaches, inspired from the traditional interpretation of Heisenberg's ("uncertainty") relations, are proved as being incorrect. A group of reconsidered conjectures and a corresponding new…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Spiridon Dumitru

Quantum measurements are not deterministic. For this reason quantum measurements are repeated for a number of shots on identically prepared systems. The uncertainty in each measurement depends on the number of shots and the expected outcome…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-12 Pieter Thijs Eendebak

The estimation of the guessing probability has paramount importance in quantum cryptographic processes. It can also be used as a witness for nonlocal correlations. In most of the studied scenarios, estimating the guessing probability…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-19 Sarnava Datta , Hermann Kampermann , Dagmar Bruß

A Massey-like inequality is any useful lower bound on guessing entropy in terms of the computationally scalable Shannon entropy. The asymptotically optimal Massey-like inequality is determined and further refined for finite-support…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Andrei Tănăsescu , Marios O. Choudary , Olivier Rioul , Pantelimon George Popescu

The quantification of aleatoric and epistemic uncertainty in terms of conditional entropy and mutual information, respectively, has recently become quite common in machine learning. While the properties of these measures, which are rooted…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Lisa Wimmer , Yusuf Sale , Paul Hofman , Bern Bischl , Eyke Hüllermeier

We propose a general approach to quantitatively assessing the risk and vulnerability of artificial intelligence (AI) systems to biased decisions. The guiding principle of the proposed approach is that any AI algorithm must outperform a…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Shun Ide , Allison Blunt , Djallel Bouneffouf

The use of imaginary numbers in modelling quantum mechanical systems encompasses the wave-like nature of quantum states. Here we introduce a resource theoretic framework for imaginarity, where the free states are taken to be those with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-09-17 Alexander Hickey , Gilad Gour

A preparation game is a task whereby a player sequentially sends a number of quantum states to a referee, who probes each of them and announces the measurement result. The measurement setting in each round, as well as the final score of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-19 Mirjam Weilenmann , Edgar A. Aguilar , Miguel Navascues

From the perspective of resource-theoretic approach, this study explores the quantification of imaginary in quantum physics. We propose a well defined measure of imaginarity, the geometric-like measure of imaginarity. Compared with the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-29 Meng-Li Guo , Bo Li , Shao-Ming Fei

The recently established resource theory of quantum coherence allows for a quantitative understanding of the superposition principle, with applications reaching from quantum computing to quantum biology. While different quantifiers of…

In a recently introduced coset guessing game, Alice plays against Bob and Charlie, aiming to meet a joint winning condition. Bob and Charlie can only communicate before the game starts to devise a joint strategy. The game we consider begins…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-01 Michael Schleppy , Emina Soljanin , Nicolas Swanson

We consider an unknown multivariate function representing a system-such as a complex numerical simulator-taking both deterministic and uncertain inputs. Our objective is to estimate the set of deterministic inputs leading to outputs whose…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-09 Romain Ait Abdelmalek-Lomenech , Julien Bect , Vincent Chabridon , Emmanuel Vazquez

Quantum key distribution (QKD) achieves information-theoretic security, without relying on computational assumptions, by distributing quantum states. To establish secret bits, two honest parties exploit key distillation protocols over…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-06 Rutvij Bhavsar , Junguk Moon , Joonwoo Bae

It is a fundamental question that why quantum mechanics uses complex numbers instead of only real numbers. To address this topic, recently, a rigorous resource theory for the imaginarity of quantum states were established, and several…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-11 Jianwei Xu