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Simulating step-wise human behavior with Large Language Models (LLMs) has become an emerging research direction, enabling applications in various practical domains. While prior methods, including prompting, supervised fine-tuning (SFT), and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Ziyi Wang , Yuxuan Lu , Yimeng Zhang , Jing Huang , Dakuo Wang

Mobile advertising is a billion pound industry that is rapidly expanding. The success of an advert is measured based on how users interact with it. In this paper we investigate whether the application of unsupervised learning and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Jenna Reps , Uwe Aickelin , Jonathan Garibaldi , Chris Damski

Personalized large language models (LLMs) are designed to tailor responses to individual user preferences. While Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) is a commonly used framework for aligning LLMs with human preferences,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Xinyu Li , Ruiyang Zhou , Zachary C. Lipton , Liu Leqi

Randomized controlled trials typically analyze the effectiveness of treatments with the goal of making treatment recommendations for patient subgroups. With the advance of electronic health records, a great variety of data has been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Zhiliang Wu , Yinchong Yang , Yunpu Ma , Yushan Liu , Rui Zhao , Michael Moor , Volker Tresp

Given the importance of understanding the interaction between mobile devices and their users, app usage patterns have been studied in various contexts. However, prior work has not fully investigated longitudinal changes to app usage…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Dohyun Kim , Joshua Gluck , Malcolm Hall , Yuvraj Agarwal

We study the problem of learning personalized decision policies from observational data while accounting for possible unobserved confounding. Previous approaches, which assume unconfoundedness, i.e., that no unobserved confounders affect…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-05 Nathan Kallus , Angela Zhou

With the expeditious advancement of information technologies, health-related data presented unprecedented potentials for medical and health discoveries but at the same time significant challenges for machine learning techniques both in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-05 Shuo Yang

Mobile user profiling refers to the efforts of extracting users' characteristics from mobile activities. In order to capture the dynamic varying of user characteristics for generating effective user profiling, we propose an imitation-based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Dongjie Wang , Pengyang Wang , Yanjie Fu , Kunpeng Liu , Hui Xiong , Charles E. Hughes

Policy learning can be used to extract individualized treatment regimes from observational data in healthcare, civics, e-commerce, and beyond. One big hurdle to policy learning is a commonplace lack of overlap in the data for different…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-04 Nathan Kallus

User modeling in large e-commerce platforms aims to optimize user experiences by incorporating various customer activities. Traditional models targeting a single task often focus on specific business metrics, neglecting the comprehensive…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Mingdai Yang , Fan Yang , Yanhui Guo , Shaoyuan Xu , Tianchen Zhou , Yetian Chen , Simone Shao , Jia Liu , Yan Gao

As LLMs continue to scale, improving training efficiency increasingly depends on using data more effectively. Data selection addresses this problem by allocating a limited training budget to samples that best promote a target behavior.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Qihao Lin , Guanxu Chen , Dongrui Liu , Jing Shao

The personalization of treatment via bio-markers and other risk categories has drawn increasing interest among clinical scientists. Personalized treatment strategies can be learned using data from clinical trials, but such trials are very…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-02-20 Kun Deng , Joelle Pineau , Susan A. Murphy

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly embedded in applications, and people can shape model behavior by editing prompt instructions. Yet encoding subtle, domain-specific policies into prompts is challenging. Although this process…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Minjae Lee , Minsuk Kahng

With the recent advancements of technology in facilitating real-time monitoring and data collection, "just-in-time" interventions can be delivered via mobile devices to achieve both real-time and long-term management and control.…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-09-26 Wenzhuo Zhou , Yuhan Li , Ruoqing Zhu

Online learning has experienced rapid growth due to its flexibility and accessibility. Personalization, adapted to the needs of individual learners, is crucial for enhancing the learning experience, particularly in online settings. A key…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Mohammadreza Molavi , Mohammadreza Tavakoli , Mohammad Moein , Abdolali Faraji , Gábor Kismihók

Motivated by applications where impatience is pervasive and evaluation times are uncertain, we study a selection model where options may expire at an unknown point in time and evaluation times are stochastic. Initially, the decision-maker…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-05 Yihua Xu , Rohan Ghuge , Sebastian Perez-Salazar

Since the advent of Large Language Models (LLMs), a significant area of research has focused on their intrinsic biases, particularly in political discourse. This study investigates a different but related concept, "political plasticity",…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Bruno Bianchi , Diego Tiscornia , Matias Travizano , Ariel Futoransky

This paper presents a new approach to select events of interest to a user in a social media setting where events are generated by the activities of the user's friends through their mobile devices. We argue that given the unique requirements…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-08-15 Alvin Cheung , Armando Solar-Lezama , Samuel Madden

Modeling user preferences (long-term history) and user dynamics (short-term history) is of greatest importance to build efficient sequential recommender systems. The challenge lies in the successful combination of the whole user's history…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Corentin Lonjarret , Roch Auburtin , Céline Robardet , Marc Plantevit

Personalized Learning Path Planning (PLPP) aims to design adaptive learning paths that align with individual goals. While large language models (LLMs) show potential in personalizing learning experiences, existing approaches often lack…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Joy Jia Yin Lim , Ye He , Jifan Yu , Xin Cong , Daniel Zhang-Li , Zhiyuan Liu , Huiqin Liu , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li , Bin Xu