English
Related papers

Related papers: The Counterfactual $\chi$-GAN

200 papers

The counterfactual distribution models the effect of the treatment in the untreated group. While most of the work focuses on the expected values of the treatment effect, one may be interested in the whole counterfactual distribution or…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-11-04 Diego Martinez-Taboada , Dino Sejdinovic

We propose a model-free framework for sensitivity analysis of individual treatment effects (ITEs), building upon ideas from conformal inference. For any unit, our procedure reports the $\Gamma$-value, a number which quantifies the minimum…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-04-26 Ying Jin , Zhimei Ren , Emmanuel J. Candès

Soft sensing infers hard-to-measure data through a large number of easily obtainable variables. However, in complex industrial scenarios, the issue of insufficient data volume persists, which diminishes the reliability of soft sensing.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Zesen Wang , Yonggang Li , Lijuan Lan

Causal inference is capable of estimating the treatment effect (i.e., the causal effect of treatment on the outcome) to benefit the decision making in various domains. One fundamental challenge in this research is that the treatment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Qian Li , Zhichao Wang , Shaowu Liu , Gang Li , Guandong Xu

We study the problem of estimation of Individual Treatment Effects (ITE) in the context of multiple treatments and networked observational data. Leveraging the network information, we aim to utilize hidden confounders that may not be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Abhinav Thorat , Ravi Kolla , Niranjan Pedanekar , Naoyuki Onoe

We study causal effect estimation from observational data under interference. The interference pattern is captured by an observed network. We adopt the chain graph framework of Tchetgen Tchetgen et. al. (2021), which allows (i) interaction…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-07-30 Sohom Bhattacharya , Subhabrata Sen

Ascription of an image gives insights into the objects that influence the classification of the whole image or its pixels towards a specific category. These insights help radiologists to visualize deformities in medical imaging. Most of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Shakeeb Murtaza

We study optimal covariate balance for causal inferences from observational data when rich covariates and complex relationships necessitate flexible modeling with neural networks. Standard approaches such as propensity weighting and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-02-16 Nathan Kallus

Despite the rapid development of adversarial machine learning, most adversarial attack and defense researches mainly focus on the perturbation-based adversarial examples, which is constrained by the input images. In comparison with existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-10 Xiaosen Wang , Kun He , Chuanbiao Song , Liwei Wang , John E. Hopcroft

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) generate data based on minimizing a divergence between two distributions. The choice of that divergence is therefore critical. We argue that the divergence must take into account the hypothesis set and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-07 Ben Adlam , Corinna Cortes , Mehryar Mohri , Ningshan Zhang

Individual treatment effect (ITE) estimation requires adjusting for the covariate shift between populations with different treatments, and deep representation learning has shown great promise in learning a balanced representation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Amirreza Kazemi , Martin Ester

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) can play a key role in Medical Image Analysis under large-scale annotated datasets. However, preparing such massive dataset is demanding. In this context, Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) can…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-04 Changhee Han

For observational studies, we study the sensitivity of causal inference when treatment assignments may depend on unobserved confounders. We develop a loss minimization approach for estimating bounds on the conditional average treatment…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-03-11 Steve Yadlowsky , Hongseok Namkoong , Sanjay Basu , John Duchi , Lu Tian

Missing data is a common problem faced with real-world datasets. Imputation is a widely used technique to estimate the missing data. State-of-the-art imputation approaches, such as Generative Adversarial Imputation Nets (GAIN), model the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-02 Saqib Ejaz Awan , Mohammed Bennamoun , Ferdous Sohel , Frank M Sanfilippo , Girish Dwivedi

Existing weighting methods for treatment effect estimation are often built upon the idea of propensity scores or covariate balance. They usually impose strong assumptions on treatment assignment or outcome model to obtain unbiased…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Dongcheng Zhang , Kunpeng Zhang

With surge of available but unlabeled data, Positive Unlabeled (PU) learning is becoming a thriving challenge. This work deals with this demanding task for which recent GAN-based PU approaches have demonstrated promising results. Generative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-07 Florent Chiaroni , Ghazaleh Khodabandelou , Mohamed-Cherif Rahal , Nicolas Hueber , Frederic Dufaux

Estimating average causal effect (ACE) is useful whenever we want to know the effect of an intervention on a given outcome. In the absence of a randomized experiment, many methods such as stratification and inverse propensity weighting have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-11 Rathin Desai , Amit Sharma

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) provide an algorithmic framework for constructing generative models with several appealing properties: they do not require a likelihood function to be specified, only a generating procedure; they…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-02-28 Shakir Mohamed , Balaji Lakshminarayanan

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) advance face synthesis through learning the underlying distribution of observed data. Despite the high-quality generated faces, some minority groups can be rarely generated from the trained models due…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Shuhan Tan , Yujun Shen , Bolei Zhou

Conditional Generative Adversarial Nets (CGAN) is often used to improve conditional image generation performance. However, there is little research on Representation learning with CGAN for causal inference. This paper proposes a new method…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Zhaotian Weng , Jianbo Hong , Lan Wang