Related papers: Electric charge assignment in quantum field theori…
These lecture notes cover the basics of Quantum Field Theory (QFT) and peculiarities in the construction of the Electroweak (EW) sector of the Standard Model (SM). In addition, the present status, issues, and prospects of the SM are…
As an integrative and insightful example for undergraduates learning about electrostatics, we discuss how to use symmetry, Coulomb's Law, superposition, Gauss's law, and visualization to understand the electric field produced by a…
Electrical double layer (EDL) is formed when an electrode is in contact with an electrolyte solution, and is widely used in biophysics, electrochemistry, polymer solution and energy storage. Poisson-Boltzmann (PB) coupled equations provides…
We add to Galilean symmetries the transformations describing constant accelerations. The corresponding extended Galilean algebra allows, in any dimension $D=d+1$, the introduction of one central charge $c$ while in $D=2+1$ we can have three…
Fundamental problems of quantum field theory related to the representation problem of canonical commutation relations are discussed within a gauge field version of a van Hove-type model. The Coulomb field generated by a static charge…
Motivated by recent discussions of fractons, we explore nonrelativistic field theories with a continuous global symmetry, whose charge is a spatial vector. We present several such symmetries and demonstrate them in concrete examples. They…
We consider the algebra associated to a group of transformations which are symmetries of a regular mechanical system (i.e. system free of constraints). For time dependent coordinate transformations we show that a central extension may…
The anti self-adjoint operators of imaginary coordinate and momentum, together with the self-adjoint operators of real coordinate, momentum, energy and time are used in construction of the quantum field theory in operator form. This…
In gauge theories like the standard model, the electric charges of the fermions can be heavily constrained from the classical structure of the theory and from the cancellation of anomalies. There is however mounting evidence suggesting that…
The Weak Gravity Conjecture is typically stated as a bound on the mass-to-charge ratio of a particle in the theory. Alternatively, it has been proposed that its natural formulation is in terms of the existence of a particle which is…
We consider two ways of introducing minimal Abelian gauge interactions into the model presented in [1]. They are different only if the second central charge of the planar Galilei group is nonzero. One way leads to standard gauge…
An important scenario for smart grids which encompass distributed electrical networks is given by the simultaneous presence of aggregators and individual consumers. In this work, an aggregator is seen as an entity (a coalition) which is…
We revisit the first law of black hole thermodynamics in 4-dimensional theories containing scalar and Abelian vector fields coupled to gravity using Wald's formalism and a new definition of scalar charge as an integral over a 2-surface…
The effect of nonzero extent of an electric charge is considered within the assumption that the structure of the charge at rest is spherically-symmetric and the current vector is linear in the acceleration.
The electrostatic, spherically symmetric solutions of the general class of non-linear abelian gauge models, minimally coupled to gravity, are classified and discussed in terms of the ADM mass and the electromagnetic energy of the associated…
It is shown here that symmetric hyperbolicity, which guarantees well-posedness, leads to a set of two inequalities for matrices whose elements are determined by a given theory. As a part of the calculation, carried out in a mostly-covariant…
When an abelian gauge theory with integer charges is spontaneously broken by the expectation value of a charge Q field, there remains a Z_Q discrete symmetry. In a supersymmetric theory, holomorphy adds additional constraints on the…
A formal symmetry between generalized coordinates and momenta is postulated to formulate classical and quantum theories of a particle coupled to an Abelian gauge field. It is shown that the symmetry (a) requires the field to have dynamic…
We consider the gauge invariant version of the Proca theory, where besides the real vector field there is also the real scalar field. We quantize the theory such that the commutator of the scalar field operator and the electric field…
The observed Standard Model is consistent with the existence of vector-like species with electric charge a multiple of $e/6$. The discovery of a fractionally charged particle would provide nonperturbative information about Standard Model…