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The linear programming (LP) approach is, together with value iteration and policy iteration, one of the three fundamental methods to solve optimal control problems in a dynamic programming setting. Despite its simple formulation,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-31 Lucia Falconi , Andrea Martinelli , John Lygeros

Reinforcement learning (RL) problems are fundamental in online decision-making and have been instrumental in finding an optimal policy for Markov decision processes (MDPs). Function approximations are usually deployed to handle large or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Jiashuo Jiang , Yiming Zong , Yinyu Ye

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) aims to find an optimal policy for Markov decision processes (MDPs) using a pre-collected dataset. In this work, we revisit the linear programming (LP) reformulation of Markov decision processes for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Asuman Ozdaglar , Sarath Pattathil , Jiawei Zhang , Kaiqing Zhang

Bisimulation metrics define a distance measure between states of a Markov decision process (MDP) based on a comparison of reward sequences. Due to this property they provide theoretical guarantees in value function approximation (VFA). In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Mete Kemertas , Allan Jepson

Constrained partially observable Markov decision processes (CPOMDPs) have been used to model various real-world phenomena. However, they are notoriously difficult to solve to optimality, and there exist only a few approximation methods for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Robert K. Helmeczi , Can Kavaklioglu , Mucahit Cevik

Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes (POMDPs) model decision making under uncertainty. While there are many approaches to approximately solving POMDPs, we aim to address the problem of learning such models. In particular, we are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Aidan Curtis , Hao Tang , Thiago Veloso , Kevin Ellis , Joshua Tenenbaum , Tomás Lozano-Pérez , Leslie Pack Kaelbling

We consider deterministic Markov decision processes (MDPs) and apply max-plus algebra tools to approximate the value iteration algorithm by a smaller-dimensional iteration based on a representation on dictionaries of value functions. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-21 Francis Bach

We study reinforcement learning with linear function approximation and finite-memory approximations for partially observed Markov decision processes (POMDPs). We first present an algorithm for the value evaluation of finite-memory feedback…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-22 Ali Devran Kara

Model-free reinforcement learning algorithms combined with value function approximation have recently achieved impressive performance in a variety of application domains. However, the theoretical understanding of such algorithms is limited,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-12 Botao Hao , Nevena Lazic , Yasin Abbasi-Yadkori , Pooria Joulani , Csaba Szepesvari

We study an approach to policy selection for large relational Markov Decision Processes (MDPs). We consider a variant of approximate policy iteration (API) that replaces the usual value-function learning step with a learning step in policy…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-09-13 A. Fern , R. Givan , S. Yoon

Approximate Dynamic Programming (ADP) is a methodology to solve multi-stage stochastic optimization problems in multi-dimensional discrete or continuous spaces. ADP approximates the optimal value function by adaptively sampling both action…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-07-02 Vijay Kumar , Mort Webster

Approximate dynamic programming has been used successfully in a large variety of domains, but it relies on a small set of provided approximation features to calculate solutions reliably. Large and rich sets of features can cause existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-03-17 Marek Petrik , Gavin Taylor , Ron Parr , Shlomo Zilberstein

Partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) provide an elegant mathematical framework for modeling complex decision and planning problems in stochastic domains in which states of the system are observable only indirectly, via a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-06-02 M. Hauskrecht

We present a novel linear program for the approximation of the dynamic programming cost-to-go function in high-dimensional stochastic control problems. LP approaches to approximate DP have typically relied on a natural `projection' of a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2009-10-05 V. V. Desai , V. F. Farias , C. C. Moallemi

A recurring pattern in "reasoning without training" is that base LLMs already assign non-trivial probability mass to correct multi-step solutions; the bottleneck is locating these modes efficiently at inference time. Power sampling provides…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Tu Nguyen , Matthieu Zimmer , Rasul Tutunov , Xiaotong Ji , Haitham Bou Ammar

We investigate the problem of best-policy identification in discounted Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) when the learner has access to a generative model. The objective is to devise a learning algorithm returning the best policy as early as…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-05-11 Aymen Al Marjani , Alexandre Proutiere

Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) is widely used to specify high-level objectives for system policies, and it is highly desirable for autonomous systems to learn the optimal policy with respect to such specifications. However, learning the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Daqian Shao , Marta Kwiatkowska

We consider approximate dynamic programming in $\gamma$-discounted Markov decision processes and apply it to approximate planning with linear value-function approximation. Our first contribution is a new variant of Approximate Policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Gellért Weisz , András György , Tadashi Kozuno , Csaba Szepesvári

Approximate dynamic programming is a popular method for solving large Markov decision processes. This paper describes a new class of approximate dynamic programming (ADP) methods- distributionally robust ADP-that address the curse of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-05-22 Marek Petrik

Approximate computing is an effective computing paradigm for improving the energy efficiency of error-tolerant applications. Approximate logic synthesis (ALS) is an automatic process to generate approximate circuits with reduced area,…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Chang Meng , Weikang Qian , Giovanni De Micheli