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High efficiency and a compact footprint are desired properties for electro-optic modulators. In this paper, we propose, theoretically investigate and experimentally demonstrate a recirculating phase modulator, which increases the modulation…

Abstract We introduce a practical method for modeling the small-signal behavior of frequency-dispersive and inhomogeneous helix-type traveling-wave tube (TWT) amplifiers based on a generalization of the one-dimensional Pierce model. Our…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2025-01-06 Robert Marosi , Kasra Rouhi , Tarek Mealy , Alexander Figotin , Filippo Capolino

In this paper, we present the Reduced Order Hysteretic Flux (ROHF) model to describe the relationship between time-varying transport current and internal magnetic flux for composite superconductors. The ROHF model is parametrized using…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2025-07-22 Alexander Glock , Julien Dular , Arjan Verweij , Mariusz Wozniak

Waveform-selective metasurfaces offer unprecedented control over electromagnetic waves on the basis of pulse width. However, existing circuit models fail to capture the power-dependent behaviors of these metasurfaces, thereby limiting their…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-10-28 Ryuho Miyamoto , Hiroki Wakatsuchi

In this article, we propose an index modulation system suitable for optical communications, where the intensity of the light is modulated along the time, space and frequency dimensions, building a Frequency-Hopping Spatial Multi-Pulse…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-04-22 Francisco J. Escribano , Alexandre Wagemakers , Georges Kaddoum , Joao V. C. Evangelista

We present a numerical approach to efficiently calculate spin-wave dispersions and spatial mode profiles in magnetic waveguides of arbitrarily shaped cross section with any non-collinear equilibrium magnetization which is translationally…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-06-12 Lukas Körber , Gwendolyn Quasebarth , Andreas Otto , Attila Kákay

We study electromagnetic field propagation through a planar three-waveguide coupler with linear gain and loss, in a configuration that is the optical analog of a quantum $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric system, and provide its closed-form analytic…

A common variant of a metasurface antenna consists of an array of metamaterial elements coupled to a waveguide feed. The guided wave excites the metamaterial elements, coupling energy from the waveguide mode to radiation. Under appropriate…

Applied Physics · Physics 2024-06-11 David R. Smith , Mohsen Sazegar , Insang Yoo

Performance optimization associated with optical modulators requires reasonably accurate predictive models for key figures of merit. Interleaved PN-junction topology offers the maximum mode/junction overlap and is the most efficient…

It has been demonstrated that dynamic refractive index modulation, which breaks time-reversal symmetry, can be used to create on-chip non-reciprocal photonic devices. In order to achieve amplitude non-reciprocity, all such devices moreover…

Vanadium dioxide (${\rm VO}_2$) is a phase change material (PCM) that exhibits a large change in complex refractive index on the order of unity upon switching from its dielectric to its metallic phase. Although this property is key for the…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-05-04 Herman M. K. Wong , Amr S. Helmy

We study wave propagation through a one-dimensional array of subwavelength resonators with periodically time-modulated material parameters. Focusing on a high-contrast regime, we use a scattering framework based on Fourier expansions and…

Optics · Physics 2025-07-16 Erik Orvehed Hiltunen , Liora Rueff

Non-conventional beyond-the-state-of-the-art signal processing schemes require parallelism, scalability, robustness and energy efficiency to meet the demands of complex data-driven applications. With further research, magnonic and…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-10-07 A. Koujok , A. Hamadeh , L. Martins , F. Kohl , B. Heinz , U. Ebels , P. Pirro

In this paper, we present voltage- and current-mode differential magnetless non-reciprocal devices obtained by pairing two single-ended (SE) circulators, each consisting of three first-order bandpass or bandstop LC filters, connected in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-08-10 Ahmed Kord , Dimitrios L. Sounas , Andrea Alù

We report on compact and efficient silicon-organic hybrid (SOH) Mach-Zehnder modulators (MZM) with low phase shifter insertion loss of 0.7 dB. The 280 $\mu$m-long phase shifters feature a $\pi$-voltage-length product of 0.41 Vmm and a…

Waveguide integrated optical modulators in the mid-infrared (mid-IR) wavelength range are of significant interest for molecular spectroscopy in one hand, as on-chip synchronous detection can improve the performance of detection systems, and…

Silicon nitride (SiN) is currently the most prominent platform for photonics at visible and near-IR wavelength bandwidth. However, realizing fast electro-optic (EO) modulators, the key components of any integrated optics platform, remains…

Acoustic and elastic metamaterials with time- and space-dependent material properties have received great attention recently as a means to break reciprocity for propagating mechanical waves, achieving greater directional control. One…

Applied Physics · Physics 2021-10-06 Benjamin M. Goldsberry , Samuel P. Wallen , Michael R. Haberman

We consider Mott insulators driven by periodic coherent laser radiation, using both single orbital and multi-orbital models, noting that the latter is of more interest in solid state systems. We derive general expressions for the resulting…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-05-15 Kasra Hejazi , Jianpeng Liu , Leon Balents

We demonstrate a planar metamaterial based resonator and waveguide with strong light confinement in air based on a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform that exhibits scale invariance in the lateral direction. By embedding a sub wavelength…