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Investigation of simple far-from-equilibrium systems exhibiting phase separation leads to the conclusion that phase coexistence is not well defined in this context. This is because the properties of the coexisting nonequilibrium systems…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-02-11 Ronald Dickman

Coupling between chemical fuel consumption and phase separation can lead to condensation at a nonequilibrium steady state, resulting in phase behaviors that are not described by equilibrium thermodynamics. Theoretical models of such…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-05-23 Yongick Cho , William M. Jacobs

We carry out a comprehensive linear stability analysis of active Brownian particle systems around a constant homogeneous state. These scalar models, being important prototypes for the continuous description of active matter, are…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-12-22 Michele Coti Zelati , Lucas Ertzbischoff , David Gerard-Varet

We study whether the stationary state of two bulk-driven systems slowly exchanging particles can be described by the equality of suitably defined nonequilibrium chemical potentials. Our main result is that in a weak contact limit, chemical…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-08-29 Jules Guioth , Éric Bertin

A one dimensional stochastic exclusion process with two species of particles, $+$ and $-$, is studied where density of each species can fluctuate but the total particle density is conserved. From the exact stationary state weights we show…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-01-10 Urna Basu

Chemical activity is known to affect phase coexistence and coarsening in liquid mixtures, most commonly through reaction-induced changes of intermolecular interactions. Here, we analyze a scenario in which chemical reactions regulate…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-03-19 Florian Raßhofer , Erwin Frey

In this work we identify and investigate a novel bifurcation in conserved systems. This secondary bifurcation stops active phase separation in its nonlinear regime. It is then either replaced by an extended, system-filling, spatially…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2022-02-22 Frederik J. Thomsen , Lisa Rapp , Fabian Bergmann , Walter Zimmermann

In previous papers we have introduced a natural nonequilibrium free energy by considering the functional describing the large fluctuations of stationary nonequilibrium states. While in equilibrium this functional is always convex, in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-12-18 L. Bertini , A. De Sole , D. Gabrielli , G. Jona-Lasinio , C. Landim

A geometrical model which captures the main ingredients governing atom-diatom collinear chemical reactions is proposed. This model is neither near-integrable nor hyperbolic, yet it is amenable to analysis using a combination of the recently…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2018-04-10 L. Lerman , V. Rom-Kedar

We provide a non-equilibrium thermodynamic description of the life-cycle of a droplet based, chemically feasible, system of protocells. By coupling the protocells metabolic kinetics with its thermodynamics, we demonstrate how the system can…

Nonequilibrium phase transitions between an active and an absorbing state are found in models of populations, epidemics, autocatalysis, and chemical reactions on a surface. While absorbing-state phase transitions fall generically in the DP…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 Ronald Dickman

Recent theories predict phase separation among orientationally disordered active particles whose propulsion speed decreases rapidly enough with density. Coarse-grained models of this process show time-reversal symmetry (detailed balance) to…

We give an introduction to phase transitions in the steady states of systems that evolve stochastically with equilibrium and nonequilibrium dynamics, the latter defined as those that do not possess a time-reversal symmetry. We try as much…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 R. A. Blythe

We compare phase transition(-like) phenomena in small model systems for both microcanonical and canonical ensembles. The model systems correspond to a few classical (non-quantum) point particles confined in a one-dimensional box and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jörn Dunkel , Stefan Hilbert

We study a class of nonequilibrium lattice models which describe local redistributions of a globally conserved energy. A particular subclass can be solved analytically, allowing to define a temperature T_{th} along the same lines as in the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Eric Bertin , Olivier Dauchot , Michel Droz

Scaling ideas and renormalization group approaches proved crucial for a deep understanding and classification of critical phenomena in thermal equilibrium. Over the past decades, these powerful conceptual and mathematical tools were…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-03-29 Uwe C. Täuber

Recent experimental studies suggest that wet-dry cycles and coexisting phases can each strongly alter chemical processes. The mechanisms of why and to which degree chemical processes are altered when subject to evaporation and condensation…

Biological Physics · Physics 2023-12-18 Ivar Svalheim Haugerud , Pranay Jaiswal , Christoph A. Weber

Spontaneous symmetry breaking occurs in various equilibrium and nonequilibrium systems, where phase transitions are typically marked by a single critical point that separates ordered and disordered regimes. We reveal a novel phenomenon in…

Equilibrium statistical mechanics provides a robust framework for characterizing phase transitions in systems whose microsopic dynamics are time-reversible. Efforts to develop and validate theoretical frameworks for time-irreversible,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-12-18 Stuart J. Thomson , Jack-William Barotta , Daniel M. Harris

The nonexponential relaxation ocurring in complex dynamics manifested in a wide variety of systems is analyzed through a simple model of diffusion in phase space. It is found that the inability of the system to find its equilibrium state in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 A. Perez-Madrid