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Enabling question answering over tables and databases in natural language has become a key capability in the democratization of insights from tabular data sources. These systems first require retrieval of data that is relevant to a given…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Wojciech Kosiuk , Xingyu Ji , Yeounoh Chung , Fatma Özcan , Madelon Hulsebos

Recently, Table Structure Recognition (TSR) task, aiming at identifying table structure into machine readable formats, has received increasing interest in the community. While impressive success, most single table component-based methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-17 Hao Liu , Xin Li , Mingming Gong , Bing Liu , Yunfei Wu , Deqiang Jiang , Yinsong Liu , Xing Sun

A correct localisation of tables in a document is instrumental for determining their structure and extracting their contents; therefore, table detection is a key step in table understanding. Nowadays, the most successful methods for table…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-13 Ángela Casado-García , César Domínguez , Jónathan Heras , Eloy Mata , Vico Pascual

To address the challenges of table structure recognition, we propose a novel Split-Merge-based top-down model optimized for large, densely populated tables. Our approach formulates row and column splitting as sequence labeling tasks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Qiyu Hou , Jun Wang

Form understanding depends on both textual contents and organizational structure. Although modern OCR performs well, it is still challenging to realize general form understanding because forms are commonly used and of various formats. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Zilong Wang , Mingjie Zhan , Xuebo Liu , Ding Liang

Progress in deep learning has spawned great successes in many engineering applications. As a prime example, convolutional neural networks, a type of feedforward neural networks, are now approaching -- and sometimes even surpassing -- human…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-12 Drew Linsley , Junkyung Kim , Vijay Veerabadran , Thomas Serre

Document classification is a challenging task with important applications. The deep learning approaches to the problem have gained much attention recently. Despite the progress, the proposed models do not incorporate the knowledge of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-15 Jader Abreu , Luis Fred , David Macêdo , Cleber Zanchettin

Structure extraction from document images has been a long-standing research topic due to its high impact on a wide range of practical applications. In this paper, we share our findings on employing a hierarchical semantic segmentation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-18 Mausoom Sarkar , Milan Aggarwal , Arneh Jain , Hiresh Gupta , Balaji Krishnamurthy

Computer vision with state-of-the-art deep learning models has achieved huge success in the field of Optical Character Recognition (OCR) including text detection and recognition tasks recently. However, Key Information Extraction (KIE) from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Wenwen Yu , Ning Lu , Xianbiao Qi , Ping Gong , Rong Xiao

Table structure recognition aims to extract the logical and physical structure of unstructured table images into a machine-readable format. The latest end-to-end image-to-text approaches simultaneously predict the two structures by two…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-21 Yongshuai Huang , Ning Lu , Dapeng Chen , Yibo Li , Zecheng Xie , Shenggao Zhu , Liangcai Gao , Wei Peng

Pool of knowledge available to the mankind depends on the source of learning resources, which can vary from ancient printed documents to present electronic material. The rapid conversion of material available in traditional libraries to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-12-25 Akmal Jahan Mac , Roshan G Ragel

Tabular data is a crucial form of information expression, which can organize data in a standard structure for easy information retrieval and comparison. However, in financial industry and many other fields tables are often disclosed in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-18 Yiren Li , Zheng Huang , Junchi Yan , Yi Zhou , Fan Ye , Xianhui Liu

We present TNCR, a new table dataset with varying image quality collected from free websites. The TNCR dataset can be used for table detection in scanned document images and their classification into 5 different classes. TNCR contains 9428…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Abdelrahman Abdallah , Alexander Berendeyev , Islam Nuradin , Daniyar Nurseitov

Obtaining annotated table structure data for complex tables is a challenging task due to the inherent diversity and complexity of real-world document layouts. The scarcity of publicly available datasets with comprehensive annotations for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Syed Jawwad Haider Hamdani , Saifullah Saifullah , Stefan Agne , Andreas Dengel , Sheraz Ahmed

Recently, table structure recognition has achieved impressive progress with the help of deep graph models. Most of them exploit single visual cues of tabular elements or simply combine visual cues with other modalities via early fusion to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-11 Hao Liu , Xin Li , Bing Liu , Deqiang Jiang , Yinsong Liu , Bo Ren

Table structure recognition (TSR) aims to convert tabular images into a machine-readable format, where a visual encoder extracts image features and a textual decoder generates table-representing tokens. Existing approaches use classic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-10 ShengYun Peng , Seongmin Lee , Xiaojing Wang , Rajarajeswari Balasubramaniyan , Duen Horng Chau

Information extraction (IE) from unstructured documents remains a critical challenge in data processing pipelines. Traditional optical character recognition (OCR) methods and conventional parsing engines demonstrate limited effectiveness…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Aditya Parikh

In this paper, we study the problem of node representation learning with graph neural networks. We present a graph neural network class named recurrent graph neural network (RGNN), that address the shortcomings of prior methods. By using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-27 Binxuan Huang , Kathleen M. Carley

Scientific documents contain tables that list important information in a concise fashion. Structure and content extraction from tables embedded within PDF research documents is a very challenging task due to the existence of visual features…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Pratik Kayal , Mrinal Anand , Harsh Desai , Mayank Singh

Incorporating external knowledge bases in traditional retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) relies on parsing the document, followed by querying a language model with the parsed information via in-context learning. While effective for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Jacob Si , Mike Qu , Michelle Lee , Marek Rei , Yingzhen Li