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"This article describes software engineering techniques to be used in order to ensure the necessary quality of intelligent and therefore massive software-based systems in vehicles. Quality assurance for intelligent software is achieved…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-10-16 Bernhard Rumpe , Christian Berger , Holger Krahn

Level 3+ automated driving implies highest safety demands for the entire vehicle automation functionality. For the part of trajectory tracking, functional redundancies among all available actuators provide an opportunity to reduce safety…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-12-27 Torben Stolte , Tianyu Liao , Matthias Nee , Marcus Nolte , Markus Maurer

With their potential to significantly reduce traffic accidents, enhance road safety, optimize traffic flow, and decrease congestion, autonomous driving systems are a major focus of research and development in recent years. Beyond these…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Xu Wang , Mohammad Ali Maleki , Muhammad Waqar Azhar , Pedro Trancoso

Sustainability has evolved from an emerging concern into a fundamental responsibility in software design, development, and operation. Research increasingly explores how sustainability can be systematically integrated into existing software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Markus Funke , Patricia Lago

The homologation of automated vehicles, being safety-critical complex systems, requires sound evidence for their safe operability. Traditionally, verification and validation activities are guided by a combination of ISO 26262 and ISO/PAS…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Christian Neurohr , Lukas Westhofen , Tabea Henning , Thies de Graaff , Eike Möhlmann , Eckard Böde

Highly automated driving requires precise models of traffic participants. Many state of the art models are currently based on machine learning techniques. Among others, the required amount of labeled data is one major challenge. An…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-03-12 Maarten Bieshaar , Günther Reitberger , Viktor Kreß , Stefan Zernetsch , Konrad Doll , Erich Fuchs , Bernhard Sick

The development of autonomous and remote-operated driving systems requires extensive stakeholder analyses, requirement engineering, and formalized system descriptions. This is necessary to guarantee the success of the final product after…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Florian Pfab , Nils Gehrke , Frank Diermeyer

Safety assurance is a central concern for the development and societal acceptance of automated driving (AD) systems. Perception is a key aspect of AD that relies heavily on Machine Learning (ML). Despite the known challenges with the safety…

This paper presents a systematic mapping study on the model-driven engineering of safety and security concerns in systems. Integrated modeling and development of both safety and security concerns is an emerging field of research. Our…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Atif Mashkoor , Alexander Egyed , Robert Wille

Since the 2004 DARPA Grand Challenge, the autonomous driving technology has witnessed nearly two decades of rapid development. Particularly, in recent years, with the application of new sensors and deep learning technologies extending to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Hui Cao , Wenlong Zou , Yinkun Wang , Ting Song , Mengjun Liu

This survey provides an analysis of current methodologies integrating legal and logical specifications into the perception, prediction, and planning modules of automated driving systems. We systematically explore techniques ranging from…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Kumar Manas , Mert Keser , Alois Knoll

We introduce a framework for Foundational Analysis of Safety Engineering Requirements (SAFER), a model-driven methodology supported by Generative AI to improve the generation and analysis of safety requirements for complex safety-critical…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Noga Chemo , Yaniv Mordecai , Yoram Reich

The integration of Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) into autonomous machines represents a major paradigm shift in how these systems operate and unlocks new solutions to problems once deemed intractable. Although generative AI agents…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Jason Jabbour , Vijay Janapa Reddi

Fully autonomous vehicles (AVs) continue to spark immense global interest, yet predictions on when they will operate safely and broadly remain heavily debated. This paper synthesizes two distinct research traditions: computational…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Paul Perrone

This study explores the complexities of integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) into Autonomous Vehicles (AVs), examining the challenges introduced by AI components and the impact on testing procedures, focusing on some of the essential…

Artificial intelligence (AI) is driving transformative changes across numerous fields, revolutionizing conventional processes and creating new opportunities for innovation. The development of mechatronic systems is undergoing a similar…

Research in the field of automated vehicles, or more generally cognitive cyber-physical systems that operate in the real world, is leading to increasingly complex systems. Among other things, artificial intelligence enables an…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Lars Ullrich , Michael Buchholz , Klaus Dietmayer , Knut Graichen

Architecture Definition, which is central to system design, is one of the two most used technical processes in the practice of model-based systems engineering. In this paper a fundamental approach to architecture definition is presented and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-03-25 Charles E. Dickerson , Michael K. Wilkinson , Eugenie Hunsicker , Siyuan Ji , Mole Li , Yves Bernard , Graham Bleakley , Peter Denno

This paper presents a scenario generation framework that creates diverse, parametrized, and safety-critical driving situations to validate the safety features of autonomous vehicles in simulation [15]. By modeling factors such as road…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-09 Kiruthiga Chandra Shekar , Aliasghar Moj Arab

Software engineering research has focused on automating maintenance and evolution processes to reduce costs and improve reliability. The emergence of foundation models (FMs) with strong code understanding and reasoning abilities offers new…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Daniel Rodriguez-Cardenas , David Nader Palacio , Denys Poshyvanyk