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In modern technology environments, raising users' privacy awareness is crucial. Existing efforts largely focused on privacy policy presentation and failed to systematically address a radical challenge of user motivation for initiating…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Varun Shiri , Maggie Xiong , Jinghui Cheng , Jin L. C. Guo

The steady reports of privacy invasions online paints a picture of the Internet growing into a more dangerous place. This is supported by reports of the potential scale for online harms facilitated by the mass deployment of online…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-09-23 Kovila P. L. Coopamootoo

The ever increasing popularity of Facebook and other Online Social Networks has left a wealth of personal and private data on the web, aggregated and readily accessible for broad and automatic retrieval. Protection from both undesired…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2011-09-29 Thomas Paul , Daniel Puscher , Thorsten Strufe

Cookie paywalls allow visitors to access the content of a website only after making a choice between paying a fee (paying option) or accepting tracking (cookie option). The practice has been studied in previous research in regard to its…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Andreas Stenwreth , Simon Täng , Victor Morel

The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), enforced from 25th May 2018, aims to reform how organisations view and control the personal data of private EU citizens. The scope of GDPR is somewhat unprecedented: it regulates every…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2018-08-23 Sean Sirur , Jason R. C. Nurse , Helena Webb

Limited transparency in targeted advertising on online content delivery platforms can breed mistrust for both viewers (of the content and ads) and advertisers. This user study (n=864) explores how explanations for targeted ads can bridge…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Dina Zilbershtein , Francesco Barile , Daan Odijk , Nava Tintarev

Nowadays, privacy has become a very serious issue with smart and mobile platforms. Users tend to allow intrusive apps access much sensible information without really knowing the potential threats. To solve this issue several solutions (e.g.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2018-09-05 Alan Ferrari , Silvia Giordano

The increasing relevance of Internet-based markets requires a sustained investigation into the relationship between design and user behavior. This research begins within the sociology of quantification and markets to investigate the impacts…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2014-07-01 Jason Radford

Social media platforms offer flagging, a technical feature that empowers users to report inappropriate posts or bad actors to reduce online harm. The deceptively simple flagging interfaces on nearly all major social media platforms disguise…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Alice Qian Zhang , Kaitlin Montague , Shagun Jhaver

There is a rapidly growing literature on dark patterns, user interface designs -- typically related to shopping or privacy -- that researchers deem problematic. Recent work has been predominantly descriptive, documenting and categorizing…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-01-14 Arunesh Mathur , Jonathan Mayer , Mihir Kshirsagar

Privacy Policies are a cornerstone of informed consent, yet a persistent gap exists between their legal intent and practical efficacy. Despite decades of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) research proposing various visualizations, user…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Shuning Zhang , Eve He , Sixing Tao , Yuting Yang , Ying Ma , Ailei Wang , Xin Yi , Hewu Li

Online platforms increasingly offer "paid" ad-free subscriptions as an alternative to the traditional "free" ad-based model. The transition to ad-free models ostensibly removes advertising as a key justification for data processing under…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Sepehr Mousavi , Abhisek Dash , Savvas Zannettou , Krishna P. Gummadi

Compliance with the European Union's Platform-to-Business (P2B) Regulation is challenging for online platforms, and assessing their compliance can be difficult for public authorities. This is partly due to the lack of automated tools for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Francesco Sovrano , Michaël Lognoul , Alberto Bacchelli

This PhD thesis discusses how European law could improve privacy protection in the area of behavioural targeting. Behavioural targeting, also referred to as online profiling, involves monitoring people's online behaviour, and using the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Frederik Johannes Zuiderveen Borgesius

As digital interfaces become increasingly prevalent, certain manipulative design elements have emerged that may harm user interests, raising associated ethical concerns and bringing dark patterns into focus as a significant research topic.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Meng Li , Xiang Wang , Liming Nie , Chenglin Li , Yang Liu , Yangyang Zhao , Lei Xue , Kabir Sulaiman Said

Android's permission system is designed to balance usability with informed consent, yet two legacy mechanisms still undermine that balance in Android 16: (i) permission groups that silently auto-grant new permissions within a group after a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Olawale Amos Akanji , Manuel Egele , Gianluca Stringhini

Organizations started to adopt differential privacy (DP) techniques hoping to persuade more users to share personal data with them. However, many users do not understand DP techniques, thus may not be willing to share. Previous research…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-08-05 Jingyu Jia , Zikai Alex Wen , Zheli Liu , Changyu Dong

Recent studies reveal widespread concern and increasing lack of understanding about how personal data is collected, shared, and used online without consent. This issue is compounded by limited options available for digital citizens to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Niels J. Gommesen

Data protection regulations such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in the European Union and the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) in the US affect how software may handle the personal data of its users. Prior literature…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Anne Henning , Lukas Schulte , Steffen Herbold , Oksana Kulyk , Peter Mayer

Privacy-enhancing technologies (PETs) represent a critical operational challenge for the online advertising industry, requiring substantial infrastructure investment while promising improved consumer privacy protection. Even when PETs may…

General Economics · Economics 2025-12-22 Kinshuk Jerath , Klaus M. Miller , D. Daniel Sokol