Related papers: On cogrowth function of uniformly recurrent sequen…

Given a finite word $w$, Guibas and Odlyzko (J. Combin. Theory Ser. A, 30, 1981, 183-208) showed that the autocorrelation polynomial $\phi_w(t)$ of $w$, which records the set of self-overlaps of $w$, explicitly determines for each $n$, the…

A factor $u$ of a word $w$ is a cover of $w$ if every position in $w$ lies within some occurrence of $u$ in $w$. A word $w$ covered by $u$ thus generalizes the idea of a repetition, that is, a word composed of exact concatenations of $u$.…

We study the properties of the third order sequence $(w_n)=\left(w_n(a,b,c; r, s,t)\right)$ defined by the recurrence relation $w_n = rw_{n - 1} + sw_{n - 2} + tw_{n - 3}\, (n \ge 3)$ with $w_0 = a,\,w_1 = b,\,w_2=c$, where $a$, $b$, $c$,…

We give very precise bounds for the congruence subgroup growth of arithmetic groups. This allows us to determine the subgroup growth of irreducible lattices of semisimple Lie groups. In the most general case our results depend on the…

We establish new results on the possible growth rates for the sequence (f_n) counting the number of orbits of a given oligomorphic group on unordered sets of size n. Macpherson showed that for primitive actions, the growth is at least…

Let $\Omega(n)$ denote the number of prime factors of a positive integer $n$ counted with multiplicities. We show that for any bounded functions $a,b\colon\mathbb{N}\to\mathbb{C}$, $$\frac{1}{\log{N}}\sum_{n=1}^N…

We investigate the complexity of algorithms counting ones in different sets of operations. With addition and logical operations (but no shift) $O(\log^2(n))$ steps suffice to count ones. Parity can be computed with complexity $O(\log(n))$,…

Let $G_n$ be the binomial random graph $G(n,p=c/n)$ in the sparse regime, which as is well-known undergoes a phase transition at $c=1$. Lynch (Random Structures Algorithms, 1992) showed that for every first order sentence $\phi$, the…

Let $r_1,\ldots,r_s:\mathbb{Z}_{n\geqslant 0}\to\mathbb{C}$ be linearly recurrent sequences whose associated eigenvalues have arguments in $\pi\mathbb{Q}$ and let $F(z):=\sum_{n\geqslant 0}f(n)z^n$, where $f(n)\in\{r_1(n),\ldots,$…

We prove that there are 3-CNF formulas over n variables that can be refuted in resolution in width w but require resolution proofs of size n^Omega(w). This shows that the simple counting argument that any formula refutable in width w must…

We establish new upper and lower bounds on the number of queries required to test convexity of functions over various discrete domains. 1. We provide a simplified version of the non-adaptive convexity tester on the line. We re-prove the…

The deviation of the observed frequency of a word $w$ from its expected frequency in a given sequence $x$ is used to determine whether or not the word is avoided. This concept is particularly useful in DNA linguistic analysis. The value of…

We prove that every $n$-letter word over $k$-letter alphabet contains some word as a subsequence in at least $k^{n/4k(1+o(1))}$ many ways, and that this is sharp as $k\to\infty$. For fixed $k$, we show that the analogous number deviates…

For the wavelet type orthonormal systems $\phi_n$, we establish a new bound \begin{equation} \left\|\max_{1\le m\le n}\left|\sum_{j\in G_m}\langle f,\phi_j\rangle \phi_j\right|\right\|_p\lesssim \sqrt{\log (n+1)}\cdot \|f\|_p,\quad…

A subsequence of a word $w$ is a word $u$ such that $u = w[i_1] w[i_2] , \dots w[i_{|u|}]$, for some set of indices $1 \leq i_1 < i_2 < \dots < i_k \leq |w|$. A word $w$ is $k$-subsequence universal over an alphabet $\Sigma$ if every word…

For an analytic and univalent function $f$ in the unit disk $\mathbb{D}:=\{z\in\mathbb{C}:|z|<1\}$ with the normalization $f(0)=0=f'(0)-1$, the logarithmic coefficients $\gamma_n$ are defined by $\log \frac{f(z)}{z}= 2\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}…

The ordered weighted $\ell_1$ (OWL) norm is a newly developed generalization of the Octogonal Shrinkage and Clustering Algorithm for Regression (OSCAR) norm. This norm has desirable statistical properties and can be used to perform…

We derive global convergence bounds for the Frank Wolfe algorithm when training one hidden layer neural networks. When using the ReLU activation function, and under tractable preconditioning assumptions on the sample data set, the linear…

We consider the O(n) theory in the $n \to 0$ limit. We show that the theory is described by logarithmic conformal field theory, and that the correlation functions have logarithmic singularities. The explicit forms of the two-, three- and…

Let $(L_n)_{n \geq 1}$ be the sequence of Lucas numbers, defined recursively by $L_1 := 1$, $L_2 := 3$, and $L_{n + 2} := L_{n + 1} + L_n$, for every integer $n \geq 1$. We determine the asymptotic behavior of $\log \operatorname{lcm} (L_1…