Related papers: The perturbative approach for the weak deflection …
Geodesics of both lightrays and timelike particles with nonzero mass are deflected in a gravitational field. In this work we apply the perturbative method developed in Ref. \cite{Jia:2020dap} to compute the deflection angle of both null and…
We propose a perturbative method to compute the deflection angle of both null and massive particles for source and detector at finite distance. This method applies universally to the motion of particles with general velocity in the…
In this work, we develop a perturbative method to compute the deflection angle of null or timelike signals in spacetimes filled with a static and spherically symmetric (SSS) perfect fluid with fairly arbitrary density distributions. After…
A perturbative method to compute the deflection angle of both timelike and null rays in arbitrary static and spherically symmetric spacetimes in the strong field limit is proposed. The result takes a quasi-series form of $(1-b_c/b)$ where…
We use the perturbative method to study the influence of the magnetic field on the weak deflection angle of charged signals in magnetized stationary and axisymmetric spacetimes within general electromagnetic potentials. The deflection angle…
In recent study in Ref.[7] (arXiv: 2401.12525), we have introduced a method aimed at calculating the weak-field asymptotic deflection angle. This method offers an efficient computational approach that avoids the complexities of integration…
Using the geodesic method and the perturbative approach, we study the deflection of light by time-periodic spherically symmetric gravitational fields. Assuming the weakness of the gravitational field, we derive general formulas that…
In this paper, we introduce a method for calculating the deflection angle in the weak-field approximation, applicable to both null and timelike rays. By combining the trajectory equation $\mathcal{Z}(u)=(du/d\phi)^2$ and the `straight line'…
In this work we study the deflection angle $\Delta \varphi$ and gravitational lensing of both lightlike and timelike neutral rays in Reissner-Nordstr\"om (RN) spacetimes. The exact deflection angle is found as an elliptical function of the…
Using a perturbative technique, in this work we study the deflection of null and timelike signals in the extended Einstein-Maxwell spacetime, the Born-Infeld gravity and the charged Ellis-Bronnikov (CEB) spacetime in the weak field limit.…
In this work, we develop a general perturbative procedure to find the off-equatorial plane deflections in the weak deflection limit in general stationary and axisymmetric spacetimes, allowing the existence of the generalized Carter…
The deflection and gravitational lensing of light and massive particles in arbitrary static, spherically symmetric and asymptotically (anti-)de Sitter spacetimes are considered in this work. We first proved that for spacetimes whose metric…
After discussing some subtle issues concerning the computation of deflection angle, a general but simple expression of bending angle of light rays in weak deflection limit has been presented for a general static and spherically symmetric…
We study the deflection and gravitational lensing (GL) of both timelike and null signals in the equatorial plane of arbitrary stationary and axisymmetric spacetimes in the strong deflection limit. Our approach employs a perturbative method…
The bending angle of light is a central quantity in the theory of gravitational lensing. We develop an analytical perturbation framework for calculating the bending angle of light rays lensed by a Schwarzschild black hole. Using a…
Applying the perturbative approach to geodesic equations, we study motion of the test particles in time-dependent spherically symmetric spacetimes created by oscillating dark matter. Assuming the weakness of the gravitational field, we…
In most analytical studies of light ray propagation in curved spacetimes around a gravitating object surrounded by a medium, it is assumed that the medium is a cold nonmagnetized plasma. The distinctive feature of this environment is that…
It is believed that rays bent inside and outside photon spheres could affect partially the black hole shadow images by the Event Horizon Telescope and the rays near photon spheres would be detected by near-future space observations. The…
Spin of a test particle is a fundamental property that can affect its motion in a gravitational field. In this work we consider the effect of particle spin on its deflection angle and gravitational lensing in the equatorial plane of…
This paper investigates off-equatorial plane deflections and gravitational lensing of both null signals and massive particles in Kerr spacetime in the weak deflection limit, with the finite distance effect of the source and detector taken…