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The Information Bottleneck (IB) method (\cite{tishby2000information}) provides an insightful and principled approach for balancing compression and prediction for representation learning. The IB objective $I(X;Z)-\beta I(Y;Z)$ employs a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Tailin Wu , Ian Fischer , Isaac L. Chuang , Max Tegmark

The Information Bottleneck (IB) principle offers an information-theoretic framework for analyzing the training process of deep neural networks (DNNs). Its essence lies in tracking the dynamics of two mutual information (MI) values: between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Ivan Butakov , Alexander Tolmachev , Sofia Malanchuk , Anna Neopryatnaya , Alexey Frolov , Kirill Andreev

Recent years, many researches attempt to open the black box of deep neural networks and propose a various of theories to understand it. Among them, Information Bottleneck (IB) theory claims that there are two distinct phases consisting of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-02-22 Junjie Li , Ding Liu

The information bottleneck (IB) principle has been suggested as a way to analyze deep neural networks. The learning dynamics are studied by inspecting the mutual information (MI) between the hidden layers and the input and output. Notably,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Stephan Sloth Lorenzen , Christian Igel , Mads Nielsen

Information Bottleneck (IB) is a generalization of rate-distortion theory that naturally incorporates compression and relevance trade-offs for learning. Though the original IB has been extensively studied, there has not been much…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Thanh T. Nguyen , Jaesik Choi

The Information Bottleneck (IB) method frequently suffers from unstable optimization, characterized by abrupt representation shifts near critical points of the IB trade-off parameter, beta. In this paper, I introduce a novel approach to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Faruk Alpay

Information Bottleneck (IB) is a widely used framework that enables the extraction of information related to a target random variable from a source random variable. In the objective function, IB controls the trade-off between data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Sota Kudo , Naoaki Ono , Shigehiko Kanaya , Ming Huang

The Information Bottleneck (IB) principle offers a compelling theoretical framework to understand how neural networks (NNs) learn. However, its practical utility has been constrained by unresolved theoretical ambiguities and significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Charles Westphal , Stephen Hailes , Mirco Musolesi

Efficient communication requires balancing informativity and simplicity when encoding meanings. The Information Bottleneck (IB) framework captures this trade-off formally, predicting that natural language systems cluster near an optimal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Antoine Taroni , Ludovic Moncla , Frederique Laforest

Information bottleneck is an information-theoretic principle of representation learning that aims to learn a maximally compressed representation that preserves as much information about labels as possible. Under this principle, two…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Yuyan Ni , Yanyan Lan , Ao Liu , Zhiming Ma

The Information Bottleneck (IB) is a method of lossy compression of relevant information. Its rate-distortion (RD) curve describes the fundamental tradeoff between input compression and the preservation of relevant information embedded in…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Shlomi Agmon

In the past decade, deep neural networks have seen unparalleled improvements that continue to impact every aspect of today's society. With the development of high performance GPUs and the availability of vast amounts of data, learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-12 Mohammad Ali Alomrani

This paper describes a novel design of a neural network-based speech generation model for learning prosodic representation.The problem of representation learning is formulated according to the information bottleneck (IB) principle. A…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-09 Guangyan Zhang , Ying Qin , Daxin Tan , Tan Lee

The Information Bottleneck (IB) method is an information theoretical framework to design a parsimonious and tunable feature-extraction mechanism, such that the extracted features are maximally relevant to a specific learning or inference…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-17 Francesco Binucci , Paolo Banelli , Paolo Di Lorenzo , Sergio Barbarossa

In this work, we generalize the information bottleneck (IB) approach to the multi-view learning context. The exponentially growing complexity of the optimal representation motivates the development of two novel formulations with more…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Teng-Hui Huang , Aly El Gamal , Hesham El Gamal

We address the question of characterizing and finding optimal representations for supervised learning. Traditionally, this question has been tackled using the Information Bottleneck, which compresses the inputs while retaining information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-19 Yann Dubois , Douwe Kiela , David J. Schwab , Ramakrishna Vedantam

The information bottleneck principle is an elegant and useful approach to representation learning. In this paper, we investigate the problem of representation learning in the context of reinforcement learning using the information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-14 Pei Yingjun , Hou Xinwen

The information bottleneck (IB) principle has been adopted to explain deep learning in terms of information compression and prediction, which are balanced by a trade-off hyperparameter. How to optimize the IB principle for better robustness…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-04 Penglong Zhai , Shihua Zhang

The Information Bottleneck (IB) framework is a general characterization of optimal representations obtained using a principled approach for balancing accuracy and complexity. Here we present a new framework, the Dual Information Bottleneck…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Zoe Piran , Ravid Shwartz-Ziv , Naftali Tishby

Information bottleneck (IB) is a method for extracting information from one random variable $X$ that is relevant for predicting another random variable $Y$. To do so, IB identifies an intermediate "bottleneck" variable $T$ that has low…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-11-22 Artemy Kolchinsky , Brendan D. Tracey , Steven Van Kuyk
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