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Next-generation supercomputers will feature more hierarchical and heterogeneous memory systems with different memory technologies working side-by-side. A critical question is whether at large scale existing HPC applications and emerging…
Supercomputing systems today often come in the form of large numbers of commodity systems linked together into a computing cluster. These systems, like any distributed system, can have large numbers of independent hardware components…
Quantum computing has the potential to provide exponential performance benefits in processing over classical computing. It utilizes quantum mechanics phenomena (such as superposition, entanglement, and interference) to solve a computational…
Quantum computing promises to provide the next step up in computational power for diverse application areas. In this review, we examine the science behind the quantum hype, and the breakthroughs required to achieve true quantum advantage in…
Sequential computation is well understood but does not scale well with current technology. Within the next decade, systems will contain large numbers of processors with potentially thousands of processors per chip. Despite this, many…
As supercomputers' complexity has grown, the traditional boundaries between processor, memory, network, and accelerators have blurred, making a homogeneous computer model, in which the overall computer system is modeled as a continuous…
Quantum computers take advantage of interfering quantum alternatives in order to handle problems that might be too time consuming with algorithms based on classical logic. Developing quantum computers requires new ways of thinking beyond…
We expect that multiscale simulations will be one of the main high performance computing workloads in the exascale era. We propose multiscale computing patterns as a generic vehicle to realise load balanced, fault tolerant and energy aware…
Concurrency, the art of doing many things at the same time is slowly becoming a science. It is very difficult to master, yet it arises all over modern computing systems, both when the communication medium is shared memory and when it is by…
Recent research has demonstrated that quantum computers can solve certain types of problems substantially faster than the known classical algorithms. These problems include factoring integers and certain physics simulations. Practical…
With the increasing deployment of machine learning systems in practice, transparency and explainability have become serious issues. Contrastive explanations are considered to be useful and intuitive, in particular when it comes to…
In both high-performance computing (HPC) environments and the public cloud, the duration of time to retrieve or save your results is simultaneously unpredictable and important to your over all resource budget. It is generally accepted…
Modern computer microprocessors are composed of hundreds of millions of transistors that interact through intricate protocols. Their performance during program execution may be highly variable and present aperiodic oscillations. In this…
In a quantum computer any superposition of inputs evolves unitarily into the corresponding superposition of outputs. It has been recently demonstrated that such computers can dramatically speed up the task of finding factors of large…
Randomness is both a useful way to model natural systems and a useful tool for engineered systems, e.g. in computation, communication and control. Fully random transformations require exponential time for either classical or quantum…
Continuous-time stochastic processes pervade everyday experience, and the simulation of models of these processes is of great utility. Classical models of systems operating in continuous-time must typically track an unbounded amount of…
Central to the power of quantum computing is the concept of quantum parallelism: quantum systems can explore and process multiple computational paths simultaneously. In this paper, we discuss the elusive nature of quantum parallelism,…
We define some of the programming and system-level challenges facing the application of quantum processing to high-performance computing. Alongside barriers to physical integration, prominent differences in the execution of quantum and…
This topic review communicates working experiences regarding interaction of a multiplicity of processes. Our experiences come from climate change modelling, materials science, cell physiology and public health, and macroeconomic modelling.…
The role of scalable high-performance workflows and flexible workflow management systems that can support multiple simulations will continue to increase in importance. For example, with the end of Dennard scaling, there is a need to…