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In the classical Erd\"os-R\'enyi random graph G(n,p) there are n vertices and each of the possible edges is independently present with probability p. The random graph G(n,p) is homogeneous in the sense that all vertices have the same…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-02-10 Mihyun Kang , Angelica Pachón , Pablo M. Rodriguez

Conventionally used exponential random graphs cannot directly model weighted networks as the underlying probability space consists of simple graphs only. Since many substantively important networks are weighted, this limitation is…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-06-10 Ryan DeMuse , Danielle Larcomb , Mei Yin

In this paper, we give an analytic solution for graphs with n nodes and E edges for which the probability of obtaining a given graph G is specified in terms of the degree sequence of G. We describe how this model naturally appears in the…

Probability · Mathematics 2008-10-20 M. Draief , A. Ganesh , L. Massoulie

The exponential family of random graphs represents an important and challenging class of network models. Despite their flexibility, conventionally used exponential random graphs have one shortcoming. They cannot directly model weighted…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-07-15 Mei Yin

In the inhomogeneous random graph model, each vertex $i\in\{1,\ldots,n\}$ is assigned a weight $W_i\sim\text{Unif}(0,1)$, and an edge between any two vertices $i,j$ is present with probability $k(W_i,W_j)/\lambda_n\in[0,1]$, where $k$ is a…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-30 Gianmarco Bet , Kay Bogerd , Vanessa Jacquier

We consider an inhomogeneous Erd\H{o}s-R\'enyi random graph ensemble with exponentially decaying random disconnection probabilities determined by an i.i.d. field of variables with heavy tails and infinite mean associated to the vertices of…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-01 Luca Avena , Diego Garlaschelli , Rajat Subhra Hazra , Margherita Lalli

Consider a set of $n$ vertices, where each vertex has a location in $\mathbb{R}^d$ that is sampled uniformly from the unit cube in $\mathbb{R}^d$, and a weight associated to it. Construct a random graph by placing edges independently for…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-09-07 Remco van der Hofstad , Pim van der Hoorn , Neeladri Maitra

The Eulerian extension number of any graph~\(H\) (i.e. the minimum number of edges needed to be added to make~\(H\) Eulerian) is at least~\(t(H),\) half the number of odd degree vertices of~\(H.\) In this paper we consider an inhomogenous…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-05-15 Ghurumuruhan Ganesan

Networks (graphs) permeate scientific fields such as biology, social science, economics, etc. Empirical studies have shown that real-world networks are often heterogeneous, that is, the degrees of nodes do not concentrate on a number.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-06-21 Mingao Yuan

We study models of weighted exponential random graphs in the large network limit. These models have recently been proposed to model weighted network data arising from a host of applications including socio-econometric data such as migration…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-07-12 Shankar Bhamidi , Suman Chakraborty , Skyler Cranmer , Bruce Desmarais

We study the richness of the ensemble of graphical structures (i.e., unlabeled graphs) of the one-dimensional random geometric graph model defined by $n$ nodes randomly scattered in $[0,1]$ that connect if they are within the connection…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-06-24 Mihai-Alin Badiu , Justin P. Coon

We introduce a natural generalization of the Erd\H{o}s-R\'enyi random graph model in which random instances of a fixed motif are added independently. The binomial random motif graph $G(H,n,p)$ is the random (multi)graph obtained by adding…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-07-30 Michael Anastos , Peleg Michaeli , Samantha Petti

We equip the edges of a deterministic graph $H$ with independent but not necessarily identically distributed weights and study a generalized version of matchings (i.e. a set of vertex disjoint edges) in $H$ satisfying the property that…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-08-18 Ghurumuruhan Ganesan

Limiting distributions are derived for the sparse connected components that are present when a random graph on $n$ vertices has approximately $\half n$ edges. In particular, we show that such a graph consists entirely of trees, unicyclic…

Probability · Mathematics 2008-02-03 Svante Janson , Donald E. Knuth , Tomasz Łuczak , Boris Pittel

We study the critical behavior of inhomogeneous random graphs where edges are present independently but with unequal edge occupation probabilities. The edge probabilities are moderated by vertex weights, and are such that the degree of…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-07-16 Remco van der Hofstad

We present a new notion of limits of weighted directed graphs of growing size based on convergence of their random quotients. These limits are specified in terms of random exchangeable measures on the unit square. We call our limits…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-24 Eitan Levin , Venkat Chandrasekaran

We consider the Erd\H{o}s-R\'enyi evolution of random graphs, where a new uniformly distributed edge is added to the graph in every step. For every fixed $d\ge 1$, we show that with high probability, the graph becomes rigid in $\mathbb R^d$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-09-14 Alan Lew , Eran Nevo , Yuval Peled , Orit E. Raz

Consider~\(n\) nodes~\(\{X_i\}_{1 \leq i \leq n}\) independently distributed in the unit square~\(S,\) each according to a distribution~\(f.\) Nodes~\(X_i\) and~\(X_j\) are joined by an edge if the Euclidean distance~\(d(X_i,X_j)\) is less…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-03-02 Ghurumuruhan Ganesan

Inhomogeneous random graphs are fundamental models for real-world networks, where prescribed degrees are imposed as soft constraints. A common assumption in such models is that the degree distribution follows a power-law, capturing the…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-09 Riccardo Michielan , Clara Stegehuis , Bert Zwart

We propose a random bipartite graph with weights assigned to both parts of the vertex sets. Edges are formed independently with probabilities that depend on these weights. This bipartite graph naturally gives rise to a random intersection…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-06-10 Alastair Haig , Minmin Wang
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