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This is an introduction to measure theory, integration and function spaces, with all the needed preliminaries included, and with some applications included as well. We first discuss some basic motivations, coming from discrete probability,…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-06-19 Teo Banica

We introduce an original approach to geometric calculus in which we define derivatives and integrals on functions which depend on extended bodies in space--that is, paths, surfaces, and volumes etc. Though this theory remains to be fully…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Theodore G. Erler

This is an introduction to calculus, and its applications to basic questions from physics. We first discuss the theory of functions $f:\mathbb R\to\mathbb R$, with the notion of continuity, and the construction of the derivative $f'(x)$ and…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2026-01-05 Teo Banica

We review the continuous theory of dislocations from a mathematical point of view using mathematical tools, which were only partly available when the theory was developed several decades ago. We define a space of dislocation measures, which…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2013-09-05 Hans-Dieter Alber

This paper establishes calculus upon two physical facts: (1) any average velocity is always between two instantaneous velocities, and (2) the motion of an object is determined once its velocity has been determined. It directly defines…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2018-02-12 Jingzhong Zhang , Zengxiang Tong

We present a proof net calculus for the Displacement calculus and show its correctness. This is the first proof net calculus which models the Displacement calculus directly and not by some sort of translation into another formalism. The…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-06-07 Richard Moot

We propose a novel foundation for calculus that focuses on the notion of approximations while avoiding the use of limits altogether. Continuity is defined as approximation at a point, while differentiability is defined as approximation with…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2025-10-27 Michael P. Lamoureux , Matt Yedlin

In this work, we extend the concept of the Stieltjes derivative to encompass left-continuous derivators with bounded variation, thereby relaxing the monotonicity constraint. This generalization necessitates a refined definition of the…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2025-12-04 Lamiae Maia , F. Adrián F. Tojo

We take some first steps in providing a synthetic theory of distributions. In particular, we are interested in the use of distribution theory as foundation, not just as tool, in the study of the wave equation.

Category Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Anders Kock , Gonzalo E. Reyes

Starting from the Colombeau's full generalized functions, the sharp topologies and the notion of generalized points, we introduce a new kind differential calculus (for functions between totally disconnected spaces). We study generalized…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2017-06-12 Wagner Cortes , Antonio R. G. Garcia , Severino H. da Silva

The displacement and deviation vectors in spaces (manifolds), the tangent bundle of which is endowed with a transport along paths, are introduced. In case these spaces are equipped with a linear connection, the deviation equations (between…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Bozhidar Z. Iliev

The displacement calculus $\mathbf{D}$ is a conservative extension of the Lambek calculus $\mathbf{L1}$ (with empty antecedents allowed in sequents). $\mathbf{L1}$ can be said to be the logic of concatenation, while $\mathbf{D}$ can be said…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-06-13 Oriol Valentín

It is known in the case of the Stieltjes transform that evaluating the integral by expanding the kernel of transformation followed by term by term integration leads to an infinite series of divergent integrals. Moreover, it is known that…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-05-15 Eric A. Galapon

A new approach to disintegration of measures is presented, allowing one to drop the usually taken separability assumption. The main tool is a result on fibers in the spectrum of algebra of essentially bounded functions established recently…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2023-04-06 Marek Kosiek , Krzysztof Rudol

In a previous article we gave the general foundations of the theory of movement considered from a philosophical and mathematical point of view. Philosophical it meant to understand the opposition of the one and the multiple, mathematically…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2014-08-26 Salomon Ofman

In this paper, we trace the development of the theory of the calculus of variations. From its roots in the work of Greek thinkers and continuing through to the Renaissance, we see that advances in physics serve as a catalyst for…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2007-05-23 James Ferguson

The goal of this thesis is threefold: first, to provide a general semantic setting for reasoning about incremental computation. Second, to establish and clarify the connection between derivatives in the incremental sense and derivatives in…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Mario Alvarez-Picallo

We state some elementary problems concerning the relation between difference calculus and differential calculus, and we try to convince the reader that, in spite of the simplicity of the statements, a solution of these problems would be a…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2007-12-04 Wolfgang Bertram

A consistent functional calculus approach to the spectral theorem for strongly commuting normal operators on Hilbert spaces is presented. In contrast to the common approaches using projection-valued measures or multiplication operators,…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2020-09-28 Markus Haase

Motivated by extending the functional stochastic calculus, to important functionals to which it does not apply, a notion of functional derivative along a curve is introduced. This new setting is developed by incorporating path-dependent…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-14 Christian Houdré , Jorge Víquez
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