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This work is concerned with the propagation of electromagnetic waves in isotropic chiral media and with the effects produced by a plane boundary between two such media. In analogy with the phenomena of reflection and refraction of plane…

Optics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jose F. Nieves , Palash B. Pal

Interference is the mechanism through which waves can be structured into the most fascinating patterns. While for sensing, imaging, trapping, or in fundamental investigations, structured waves play nowadays an important role and are…

The optical medium analogy of a radiation field generated by either an exact gravitational plane wave or an exact electromagnetic wave in the framework of general relativity is developed. The equivalent medium of the associated background…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-22 Donato Bini , Pierluigi Fortini , Andrea Geralico , Maria Haney , Antonello Ortolan

In planar metamaterial lenses, the focal point moves with the frequency. Here it is shown numerically that this movement can be controlled by properly engineering the dimensions of the metamaterial-based phase shifters that constitute the…

Optics · Physics 2013-03-01 W. J. Capecchi , N. Behdad , F. A. Volpe

Metamaterials are beginning to transform optics and microwave technology thanks to their versatile properties that, in many cases, can be tailored according to practical needs and desires. Although metamaterials are surely not the answer to…

Optics · Physics 2009-09-16 Ulf Leonhardt , Thomas G. Philbin

We describe local light-ray rotation in terms of complex refractive indices. We show that Fermat's principle holds, and we derive an extended Snell's law. The change in the angle of a light ray with respect to the normal to a…

Optics · Physics 2009-01-29 Bhuvanesh Sundar , Alasdair C. Hamilton , Johannes Courtial

Anomalous field enhancement accompanied by resonant absorption phenomenon was originally discussed in the context of plasma physics and in applications related to radio-communications between the ground and spacecraft returning to Earth.…

Partially coherent light beams are encountered both in classical and in quantum optics. Their coherence properties generally depend on the correlation properties of their sources. In this paper, we propose a technique for controlling the…

Optics · Physics 2012-10-24 Mayukh Lahiri , Emil Wolf

Similar to the optical diffraction of light passing through a material grating, the Kapitza-Dirac effect occurs when an electron is diffracted by a standing light wave. In its original description the effect is time-independent. In the…

Previous studies on spacetime index of refraction are mostly restricted to the static spacetimes. In this study we fill this gap by introducing the refractive index for full stationary spacetimes, employing three different approaches. These…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-10 F. Masghatian , M. Esfandiar , M. Nouri-Zonoz

Two approaches (micro- and macro- investigations) are used to determine the dimension dependences of the optical parameters of the nanometer-scale layers of materials. It is shown that both an index of refraction and coefficient of…

Materials Science · Physics 2016-10-13 T. A. Kudykina , A. I. Pervak

Adaptive optics (AO) systems rely on the principle of reciprocity, or symmetry with respect to the interchange of point sources and receivers. These systems use the light received from a low power emitter on or near a target to compensate…

When an electromagnetic wave is obliquely incident on the interface between two homogeneous media with different refractive indices, the requirement of phase continuity across the interface generally leads to a shift in the trajectory of…

Optics · Physics 2016-04-13 Stéphane Larouche , David R. Smith

Mirrors are one of the most elementary and ubiquitous components of optical systems. They use a sharp refractive index contrast to provide the basic capability of reflecting light. Motivated by recent developments of photonic time-varying…

Optical interference is not only a fundamental phenomenon that has enabled new theories of light to be derived but it has also been used in interferometry for the measurement of small displacements, refractive index changes and surface…

Optics · Physics 2021-10-28 Chen Yang , Zhi-Yuan Zhou , Yan Li , Shi-Kai Liu , Zheng Ge , Guang-Can Guo , Bao-Sen Shi

We investigate the bounds between normal or anomalous effective diffusion for inertial particles transported by parallel flows. The infrared behavior of the fluid kinetic-energy spectrum, i.e. the possible presence of long-range…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2014-07-07 Marco Martins Afonso

Many of the general-relativity-tests such as bending of light near a star and gravitational red/blue shift are explained without general-relativity and without Newtonian-approach. The author first casts doubts on both, the Newtonian and the…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Dr. R. C. Gupta

As predicted by A. Einstein [Ann. Phys. (Leipzig) 17, 891 (1905)], the electromagnetic wave reflected at a moving mirror is frequency-upshifted and intensified as high as the mirror velocity is close to the speed of light in vacuum.…

Optics · Physics 2023-10-23 T. Z. Esirkepov , S. V. Bulanov

The special theory of relativity teaches us that, although distinct inertial frames perceive the same dynamical laws, space and time intervals differ in value. We revisit the problem of time contraction using the paradigmatic model of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-21 Matheus Fritsch Savi , Renato Moreira Angelo

Conventional techniques that measure rapid time variations are inefficient or inadequate to discover and observe rapidly pulsating astronomical sources. It is therefore conceivable that there exist some classes of objects pulsating with…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 Ermanno F Borra