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We introduce a method for predicting RNA folding pathways, with an application to the most important RNA tetraloops. The method is based on the idea that ensembles of three-dimensional fragments extracted from high-resolution crystal…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2016-11-21 Sandro Bottaro , Alejandro Gil-Ley , Giovanni Bussi

The kinetic folding of RNA sequences into secondary structures is modeled as a complex adaptive system, the components of which are possible RNA structural rearrangements (SRs) and their associated bases and base pairs. RNA bases and base…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2007-05-23 Wilfred Ndifon

The Human Genome Project has led to an exponential increase in data related to the sequence, structure, and function of biomolecules. Bioinformatics is an interdisciplinary research field that primarily uses computational methods to analyze…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-05-14 Yanlin Zhou , Tong Zhan , Yichao Wu , Bo Song , Chenxi Shi

Consider the network of all secondary structures of a given RNA sequence, where nodes are connected when the corresponding structures have base pair distance one. The expected degree of the network is the average number of neighbors, where…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2014-11-04 Peter Clote

A new formalism for calculation of the partition function of single stranded nucleic acids is presented. Secondary structures and the topology of structure elements are the level of resolution that is used. The folding model deals with…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2007-05-23 Roumen A. Dimitrov

The Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) inverse folding problem, designing nucleotide sequences that fold into specific tertiary structures, is a fundamental computational biology problem with important applications in synthetic biology and…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-01 Mehyar Mlaweh , Tristan Cazenave , Ines Alaya

Protein structure prediction helps to understand gene translation and protein function, which is of growing interest and importance in structural biology. The AlphaFold model, which used transformer architecture to achieve atomic-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Shenggan Cheng , Xuanlei Zhao , Guangyang Lu , Jiarui Fang , Zhongming Yu , Tian Zheng , Ruidong Wu , Xiwen Zhang , Jian Peng , Yang You

Accurate RNA secondary structure prediction is vital for understanding cellular regulation and disease mechanisms. Deep learning (DL) methods have surpassed traditional algorithms by predicting complex features like pseudoknots and…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-01-12 Frederic Runge , Jörg K. H. Franke , Daniel Fertmann , Frank Hutter

In this paper we consider the problem of RNA folding with pseudoknots. We use a graphical representation in which the secondary structures are described by planar diagrams. Pseudoknots are identified as non-planar diagrams. We analyze the…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2007-05-23 G. Vernizzi , H. Orland , A. Zee

The growing significance of RNA engineering in diverse biological applications has spurred interest in developing AI methods for structure-based RNA design. While diffusion models have excelled in protein design, adapting them for RNA…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-06-11 Divya Nori , Wengong Jin

An RNA sequence is a word over an alphabet on four elements $\{A,C,G,U\}$ called bases. RNA sequences fold into secondary structures where some bases match one another while others remain unpaired. Pseudoknot-free secondary structures can…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Édouard Bonnet , Paweł Rzążewski , Florian Sikora

RNA's diverse biological functions stem from its structural versatility, yet accurately predicting and designing RNA sequences given a 3D conformation (inverse folding) remains a challenge. Here, I introduce a deep learning framework that…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2026-01-06 Annabelle Yao

We propose a general method for predicting potentially good folders from a given number of amino acid sequences. Our approach is based on the calculation of the rate of convergence of each amino acid chain towards the native structure using…

Biological Physics · Physics 2013-02-07 Dmitry K. Gridnev , Pedro Ojeda-May , Martin E. Garcia

RNA-RNA interaction (RRI) is ubiquitous and has complex roles in the cellular functions. In human health studies, miRNA-target and lncRNAs are among an elite class of RRIs that have been extensively studied. Bacterial ncRNA-target and RNA…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2020-08-10 Ali Ebrahimpour-Boroojeny , Sanjay Rajopadhye , Hamidreza Chitsaz

The computer-aided folding of biomolecules, particularly RNAs, is one of the most difficult challenges in computational structural biology. RNA tetraloops are fundamental RNA motifs playing key roles in RNA folding and RNA-RNA and…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2016-09-28 Petra Kührová , Robert B. Best , Sandro Bottaro , Giovanni Bussi , Jiří Šponer , Michal Otyepka , Pavel Banáš

Prediction of protein secondary structure from the amino acid sequence is a classical bioinformatics problem. Common methods use feed forward neural networks or SVMs combined with a sliding window, as these models does not naturally handle…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2015-01-06 Søren Kaae Sønderby , Ole Winther

The statistical mechanics of heteropolymer structure formation is studied in the context of RNA secondary structures. A designed RNA sequence biased energetically towards a particular native structure (a hairpin) is used to study the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-31 R. Bundschuh , T. Hwa

RNA folding prediction remains challenging, but can be also studied using a topological mathematical approach. In the present paper, the mathematical method to compute the topological classification of RNA structures and based on matrix…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-08-11 Nicolò Cangiotti , Stefano Grasso

Background:Prediction of protein three-dimensional structures from amino acid sequences is a long-standing goal in computational/molecular biology. The successful discrimination of protein folds would help to improve the accuracy of protein…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2007-05-23 Y-h. Taguchi , M. Michael Gromiha

Motivation: DNA data is transcribed into single-stranded RNA, which folds into specific molecular structures. In this paper we pose the question to what extent sequence- and structure-information correlate. We view this correlation as…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-08-23 Christopher Barrett , Fenix W. Huang , Christian M. Reidys