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Quantum error correction works effectively only if the error rate of gate operations is sufficiently low. However, some rare physical mechanisms can cause a temporary increase in the error rate that affects many qubits; examples include…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-28 Shi Jie Samuel Tan , Christopher A. Pattison , Matt McEwen , John Preskill

Quantum error correction is essential for reliable quantum computation, where surface codes demonstrate high fault-tolerant thresholds and hardware efficiency. However, noise in single-shot measurements limits logical readout fidelity,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-13 Xiao-Yue Xu , Chen Ding , Wan-Su Bao

Blind Quantum Computation (BQC) is a delegation computing protocol that allows a client to utilize a remote quantum server to implement desired quantum computations while keeping her inputs, outputs, and algorithms private. However, qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-07 Qiang Zhao , John C. S. Lui

Quantum error correction becomes a practical possibility only if the physical error rate is below a threshold value that depends on a particular quantum code, syndrome measurement circuit, and decoding algorithm. Here we present an…

Stabilization of encoded logical qubits using quantum error correction is key to the realization of reliable quantum computers. While qubit codes require many physical systems to be controlled, oscillator codes offer the possibility to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-20 Brennan de Neeve , Thanh Long Nguyen , Tanja Behrle , Jonathan Home

Radio-frequency pulses are widespread for the control of quantum bits and the execution of operations in quantum computers. The ability to tune key pulse parameters such as time-dependent amplitude, phase, and frequency is essential to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-19 Jan Ole Ernst , Jan Snoeijs , Mitchell Peaks , Jochen Wolf

We propose to use a collective excitation blockade mechanism to identify errors that occur due to disturbances of single atoms in ensemble quantum registers where qubits are stored in the collective population of different internal atomic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-06-05 Etienne Brion , Line Hjortshoj Pedersen , Mark Saffman , Klaus Molmer

High error rates and limited fidelity of quantum gates in near-term quantum devices are the central obstacles to successful execution of the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA). In this paper we introduce an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-16 Ruslan Shaydulin , Alexey Galda

High quality, fully-programmable quantum processors are available with small numbers (<1000) of qubits, and the scientific potential of these near term machines is not well understood. If the small number of physical qubits precludes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-16 Wesley C. Campbell

It was shown by Ahn, Wiseman, and Milburn [PRA {\bf 67}, 052310 (2003)] that feedback control could be used as a quantum error correction process for errors induced by weak continuous measurement, given one perfectly measured error channel…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Charlene Ahn , H. M. Wiseman , Kurt Jacobs

Erasure qubits constitute a promising approach for tackling the daunting resources required for fault-tolerant quantum computing. By heralding erasure errors, both the error-correction threshold and the sub-threshold scaling of the logical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-16 Shoham Jacoby , Yotam Vaknin , Alex Retzker , Arne L. Grimsmo

Quantum error correction protects fragile quantum information by encoding it into a larger quantum system. These extra degrees of freedom enable the detection and correction of errors, but also increase the operational complexity of the…

We estimate and analyze the error rates and the resource overheads of the repetition cat qubit approach to universal and fault-tolerant quantum computation. The cat qubits stabilized by two-photon dissipation exhibit an extremely biased…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-21 Jérémie Guillaud , Mazyar Mirrahimi

Erasure qubits are beneficial for quantum error correction due to their relaxed threshold requirements. While dual-rail erasure qubits have been demonstrated with a strong error hierarchy in circuit quantum electrodynamics, biased-erasure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-30 Jiasheng Mai , Qiyu Liu , Xiaowei Deng , Yanyan Cai , Zhongchu Ni , Libo Zhang , Ling Hu , Pan Zheng , Song Liu , Yuan Xu , Dapeng Yu

Quantum simulation, the study of strongly correlated quantum matter using synthetic quantum systems, has been the most successful application of quantum computers to date. It often requires determining observables with high precision, for…

General purpose quantum computers can, in principle, entangle a number of noisy physical qubits to realise composite qubits protected against errors. Architectures for measurement-based quantum computing intrinsically support…

We develop a classical bit-flip correction method to mitigate measurement errors on quantum computers. This method can be applied to any operator, any number of qubits, and any realistic bit-flip probability. We first demonstrate the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-02 Lena Funcke , Tobias Hartung , Karl Jansen , Stefan Kühn , Paolo Stornati , Xiaoyang Wang

Noise rates in quantum computing experiments have dropped dramatically, but reliable qubits remain precious. Fault-tolerance schemes with minimal qubit overhead are therefore essential. We introduce fault-tolerant error-correction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-06 Rui Chao , Ben W. Reichardt

Quantum repeaters create long-distance entanglement between quantum systems while overcoming difficulties such as the attenuation of single photons in a fiber. Recently, an implementation of a repeater protocol based on single qubits in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-07-03 L. Jiang , J. M. Taylor , M. D. Lukin

The ability to perform fast and accurate rotations between the computational basis states of quantum bits is one of the most fundamental requirements for building a quantum computer. Because physical qubits generally contain more than two…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-30 Ben Chiaro , Yaxing Zhang