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Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance for automatic medical image segmentation. However, they have not demonstrated sufficiently accurate and robust results for clinical use. In addition, they are…

We propose an automatic method using dilated convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for segmentation of the myocardium and blood pool in cardiovascular MR (CMR) of patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). Ten training and ten test CMR…

Since medical image data sets contain few samples and singular features, lesions are viewed as highly similar to other tissues. The traditional neural network has a limited ability to learn features. Even if a host of feature maps is…

Recent advancements in deep neural networks have significantly enhanced the performance of semantic segmentation. However, class imbalance and instance imbalance remain persistent challenges, where smaller instances and thin boundaries are…

To accurately analyze changes of anatomical structures in longitudinal imaging studies, consistent segmentation across multiple time-points is required. Existing solutions often involve independent registration and segmentation components.…

The advent of deep-learning-based registration networks has addressed the time-consuming challenge in traditional iterative methods.However, the potential of current registration networks for comprehensively capturing spatial relationships…

This study investigates a 3D and fully convolutional neural network (CNN) for subcortical brain structure segmentation in MRI. 3D CNN architectures have been generally avoided due to their computational and memory requirements during…

Diffusion models (DMs) have become dominant in visual generation but suffer performance drop when tested on resolutions that differ from the training scale, whether lower or higher. In fact, the key challenge in generating variable-scale…

We consider an MRI reconstruction problem with input of k-space data at a very low undersampled rate. This can practically benefit patient due to reduced time of MRI scan, but it is also challenging since quality of reconstruction may be…

A glioma is a malignant brain tumor that seriously affects cognitive functions and lowers patients' life quality. Segmentation of brain glioma is challenging because of interclass ambiguities in tumor regions. Recently, deep learning…

Brain tumor segmentation is a challenging problem in medical image analysis. The endpoint is to generate the salient masks that accurately identify brain tumor regions in an fMRI screening. In this paper, we propose a novel attention gate…

Surgical instrument segmentation is extremely important for computer-assisted surgery. Different from common object segmentation, it is more challenging due to the large illumination and scale variation caused by the special surgical…

Foundation segmentation models such as SAM and SAM-2 perform well on natural images but struggle with brain MRIs where structures like the caudate and thalamus lack sharp boundaries and have low contrast. Rather than fine tune these models…

Segmentation maps of medical images annotated by medical experts contain rich spatial information. In this paper, we propose to decompose annotation maps to learn disentangled and richer feature transforms for segmentation problems in…

In this study, we proposed and validated a multi-atlas guided 3D fully convolutional network (FCN) ensemble model (M-FCN) for segmenting brain regions of interest (ROIs) from structural magnetic resonance images (MRIs). One major limitation…

Medical image segmentation plays a pivotal role in automated diagnostic and treatment planning systems. In this work, we present DAUNet, a novel lightweight UNet variant that integrates Deformable V2 Convolutions and Parameter-Free…

The ability of humans to rapidly learn new knowledge while retaining old memories poses a significant challenge for current deep learning models. To handle this challenge, we draw inspiration from human memory and learning mechanisms and…

In recent years, deformable medical image registration techniques have made significant progress. However, existing models still lack efficiency in parallel extraction of coarse and fine-grained features. To address this, we construct a new…

Image segmentation holds a vital position in the realms of diagnosis and treatment within the medical domain. Traditional convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and Transformer models have made significant advancements in this realm, but they…

Transformers have shown great success in medical image segmentation. However, transformers may exhibit a limited generalization ability due to the underlying single-scale self-attention (SA) mechanism. In this paper, we address this issue…