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Related papers: Properties of Unique Information

200 papers

The uniform information density (UID) hypothesis posits a preference among language users for utterances structured such that information is distributed uniformly across a signal. While its implications on language production have been well…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-27 Clara Meister , Tiago Pimentel , Patrick Haller , Lena Jäger , Ryan Cotterell , Roger Levy

Describing statistical dependencies is foundational to empirical scientific research. For uncovering intricate and possibly non-linear dependencies between a single target variable and several source variables within a system, a principled…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-28 David A. Ehrlich , Kyle Schick-Poland , Abdullah Makkeh , Felix Lanfermann , Patricia Wollstadt , Michael Wibral

Information bottleneck (IB) is a technique for extracting information in one random variable $X$ that is relevant for predicting another random variable $Y$. IB works by encoding $X$ in a compressed "bottleneck" random variable $M$ from…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Artemy Kolchinsky , Brendan D. Tracey , David H. Wolpert

A rising topic in computational journalism is how to enhance the diversity in news served to subscribers to foster exploration behavior in news reading. Despite the success of preference learning in personalized news recommendation, their…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-07-03 Rikiya Takahashi , Shunan Zhang

Natural selection can create information. In particular, because of the action of natural selection, we can often learn something about an environment by examining local organisms, and vice versa. For example, the characteristics of a…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-08-20 Joel R. Peck , David Waxman

Selecting an optimal subset of features or instances under an information theoretic criterion has become an effective preprocessing strategy for reducing data complexity while preserving essential information. This study investigates two…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-08-25 Taotao He , Jun Luo , Junkai Zhao

Integrated information theory (IIT) starts from the existence of consciousness and characterizes its essential properties: every experience is intrinsic, specific, unitary, definite, and structured. IIT then formulates existence and its…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-04-20 William G. P. Mayner , William Marshall , Giulio Tononi

We introduce a bottleneck method for learning data representations based on information deficiency, rather than the more traditional information sufficiency. A variational upper bound allows us to implement this method efficiently. The…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-11-05 Pradeep Kr. Banerjee , Guido Montúfar

Integrated information theory (IIT) has established itself as one of the leading theories for the study of consciousness. IIT essentially proposes that quantitative consciousness is identical to maximally integrated conceptual information,…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2017-03-06 Stephan Krohn , Dirk Ostwald

In this article, we study the fundamental limits in the design of fair and/or private representations achieving perfect demographic parity and/or perfect privacy through the lens of information theory. More precisely, given some useful data…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Amirreza Zamani , Borja Rodríguez-Gálvez , Mikael Skoglund

We introduce a novel Information Criterion (IC), termed Learning under Singularity (LS), designed to enhance the functionality of the Widely Applicable Bayes Information Criterion (WBIC) and the Singular Bayesian Information Criterion…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-23 Lirui Liu , Joe Suzuki

Selecting a minimal feature set that is maximally informative about a target variable is a central task in machine learning and statistics. Information theory provides a powerful framework for formulating feature selection algorithms --…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-05 Patricia Wollstadt , Sebastian Schmitt , Michael Wibral

Accumulating evidence indicates that the capacity to integrate information in the brain is a prerequisite for consciousness. Integrated Information Theory (IIT) of consciousness provides a mathematical approach to quantifying the…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2016-02-22 Masafumi Oizumi , Shun-ichi Amari , Toru Yanagawa , Naotaka Fujii , Naotsugu Tsuchiya

In this paper, we study an information-theoretic problem of designing a fair representation that attains bounded statistical (demographic) parity. More specifically, an agent uses some useful data $X$ to solve a task $T$. Since both $X$ and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Amirreza Zamani , Abolfazl Changizi , Ragnar Thobaben , Mikael Skoglund

The representations of conditional entropy and conditional mutual information are significant in explaining the unique effects among variables. While previous studies based on conditional contrastive sampling have effectively removed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Keng Hou Leong , Yuxuan Xiu , Wai Kin , Chan

This paper deals with the problem of accurately determining guaranteed suboptimal values of an unknown cost function on the basis of noisy measurements. We consider a set-valued variant to regression where, instead of finding a best…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-07-29 Jaap Eising , Jorge Cortes

This paper studies implications of the consistency conditions among prior, posteriors, and information sets on introspective properties of qualitative belief induced from information sets. The main result reformulates the consistency…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2019-07-23 Satoshi Fukuda

Mutual Information (MI) is often used for feature selection when developing classifier models. Estimating the MI for a subset of features is often intractable. We demonstrate, that under the assumptions of conditional independence, MI…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-26 Hemanth Venkateswara , Prasanth Lade , Binbin Lin , Jieping Ye , Sethuraman Panchanathan

We propose a new framework for reasoning about information in complex systems. Our foundation is based on a variational extension of Shannon's information theory that takes into account the modeling power and computational constraints of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-26 Yilun Xu , Shengjia Zhao , Jiaming Song , Russell Stewart , Stefano Ermon

Change of measure inequalities translate divergences between probability measures into explicit bounds on event probabilities, and play an important role in deriving probabilistic guarantees in learning theory, information theory, and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Yanxiao Liu , Yijun Fan , Deniz Gündüz