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Bitcoin is the first implementation of what has become known as a 'public permissionless' blockchain. Guaranteeing security and protocol conformity through its elegant combination of cryptographic assurances and game theoretic economic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-02-23 D. McGinn , D McIlwraith , Y. Guo

Payment channel networks are an approach to improve the scalability of blockchain-based cryptocurrencies. The Lightning Network is a payment channel network built for Bitcoin that is already used in practice. Because the Lightning Network…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Matthias Grundmann , Hannes Hartenstein

Technological advancements in cryptocurrency markets have increased accessibility for investors, but concurrently exposed them to the risks of market manipulations. Existing fraud detection mechanisms typically rely on machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Lidia Losavio , Luca Persia , Madan Sathe , Dimosthenis Pasadakis

Since its advent in 2009, Bitcoin, a cryptography-enabled peer-to-peer digital payment system, has been gaining increasing attention from both academia and industry. An effort designed to overcome a cluster of bottlenecks inherent in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Ling Cheng , Feida Zhu , Huiwen Liu , Chunyan Miao

Cryptocurrencies gain trust in users by publicly disclosing the full creation and transaction history. In return, the transaction history faithfully records the whole spectrum of cryptocurrency user behaviors. This article analyzes and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-05 Xiao Fan Liu , Xin-Jian Jiang , Si-Hao Liu , Chi Kong Tse

The Lightning Network is a peer-to-peer network designed to address Bitcoin's scalability challenges, facilitating rapid, cost-effective, and instantaneous transactions through bidirectional, blockchain-backed payment channels among network…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Sindura Saraswathi , Christian Kümmerle

The Lightning Network promises to alleviate Bitcoin's known scalability problems. The operation of such second layer approaches relies on the ability of participants to turn to the blockchain to claim funds at any time, which is assumed to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-28 Jona Harris , Aviv Zohar

The detection of frauds in credit card transactions is a major topic in financial research, of profound economic implications. While this has hitherto been tackled through data analysis techniques, the resemblances between this and other…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2017-06-08 Massimiliano Zanin , Miguel Romance , Santiago Moral , Regino Criado

Money laundering presents a pervasive challenge, burdening society by financing illegal activities. The use of network information is increasingly being explored to effectively combat money laundering, given it involves connected parties.…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Bruno Deprez , Toon Vanderschueren , Bart Baesens , Tim Verdonck , Wouter Verbeke

Blockchain technology has the characteristics of decentralization, traceability and tamper proof, which creates a reliable decentralized transaction mode, further accelerating the development of the blockchain platforms. However, with the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Jiajun Zhou , Chenkai Hu , Shenbo Gong , Jiaying Xu , Jie Shen , Qi Xuan

After the success of the Bitcoin blockchain, came several cryptocurrencies and blockchain solutions in the last decade. Nonetheless, Blockchain-based systems still suffer from low transaction rates and high transaction processing latencies,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Ankit Gangwal , Haripriya Ravali Gangavalli , Apoorva Thirupathi

Bitcoin transactions include unspent transaction outputs (UTXOs) as their inputs and generate one or more newly owned UTXOs at specified addresses. Each UTXO can only be used as an input in a transaction once, and using it in two or more…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Changhoon Kang , Jongsoo Woo , James Won-Ki Hong

Detecting illicit nodes on blockchain networks is a valuable task for strengthening future regulation. Recent machine learning-based methods proposed to tackle the tasks are using some blockchain transaction datasets with a small portion of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Junliang Luo , Farimah Poursafaei , Xue Liu

Cryptocurrencies aim to replicate physical cash in the digital realm while removing centralized and trusted intermediaries. Decentralization is achieved by the blockchain, a permanent public ledger that contains a record of every…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Domokos Miklós Kelen , István András Seres

In e-commerce industry, graph neural network methods are the new trends for transaction risk modeling.The power of graph algorithms lie in the capability to catch transaction linking network information, which is very hard to be captured by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Hang Yin , Zitao Zhang , Zhurong Wang , Yilmazcan Ozyurt , Weiming Liang , Wenyu Dong , Yang Zhao , Yinan Shan

Bitcoin is firmly becoming a mainstream asset in our global society. Its highly volatile nature has traders and speculators flooding into the market to take advantage of its significant price swings in the hope of making money. This work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Nathan Crone , Eoin Brophy , Tomas Ward

Blockchain technology, a foundational distributed ledger system, enables secure and transparent multi-party transactions. Despite its advantages, blockchain networks are susceptible to anomalies and frauds, posing significant risks to their…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Joerg Osterrieder , Stephen Chan , Jeffrey Chu , Yuanyuan Zhang , Branka Hadji Misheva , Codruta Mare

Payment channel networks, and the Lightning Network in particular, seem to offer a solution to the lack of scalability and privacy offered by Bitcoin and other blockchain-based cryptocurrencies. Previous research has focused on the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-22 George Kappos , Haaroon Yousaf , Ania Piotrowska , Sanket Kanjalkar , Sergi Delgado-Segura , Andrew Miller , Sarah Meiklejohn

With the escalating prevalence of malicious activities exploiting vulnerabilities in blockchain systems, there is an urgent requirement for robust attack detection mechanisms. To address this challenge, this paper presents a novel…

In permissionless blockchains, transaction issuers include a fee to incentivize miners to include their transactions. To accurately estimate this prioritization fee for a transaction, transaction issuers (or blockchain participants, more…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Johnnatan Messias , Vabuk Pahari , Balakrishnan Chandrasekaran , Krishna P. Gummadi , Patrick Loiseau