English
Related papers

Related papers: Power Comparisons in 2x2 Contingency Tables: Odds …

200 papers

A formal likelihood ratio hypothesis test for the validity of a parametric regression function is proposed, using a large-dimensional, nonparametric double cone alternative. For example, the test against a constant function uses the…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-06-30 Bodhisattva Sen , Mary Meyer

In this work, we show that Spearman's correlation coefficient test about $H_0:\rho_s=0$ found in most statistical software packages is theoretically incorrect and performs poorly when bivariate normality assumptions are not met or the…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-08-05 Han Yu , Alan D. Hutson

Measures of association in contingency tables, such as odds ratios and their generalizations, are often studied under different sampling schemes that either fix or leave random the margins of the table. While classical results show that…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-28 Rafael Bassi Stern , Ruobin Gong , Joseph B. Kadane , Mark J. Schervish , Teddy Seidenfeld

Pearson's chi-square tests are among the most commonly applied statistical tools across a wide range of scientific disciplines, including medicine, engineering, biology, sociology, marketing and business. However, its usage in some areas is…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-13 Vladimir Gurvich , Mariya Naumova

Measures of association play a role in selecting 2x2 tables exhibiting strong dependence in high-dimensional binary data. Several measures are in use differing on specific tables and in their dependence on the margins. We study a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-02-26 Dirk Hasenclever , Markus Scholz

Testing independence among a number of (ultra) high-dimensional random samples is a fundamental and challenging problem. By arranging $n$ identically distributed $p$-dimensional random vectors into a $p \times n$ data matrix, we investigate…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-03-28 Xi Chen , Weidong Liu

We study the problem of comparing ageing patterns of the lifetime of k-out-of-n systems. Mathematically, this reduces to being able to decide about a stochastic ordering relationship between different order statistics. We discuss such…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-06-04 Tommaso Lando , Idir Arab , Paulo Eduardo Oliveira

The often debated issue of `ratios of small numbers of events' is approached from a probabilistic perspective, making a clear distinction between the predictive problem (forecasting numbers of events we might count under well stated…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-12-09 Giulio D'Agostini

The usual stochastic order and the likelihood ratio order between probability distributions on the real line are reviewed in full generality. In addition, for the distribution of a random pair $(X,Y)$, it is shown that the conditional…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-03-08 Lutz Duembgen , Alexandre Moesching

Non-deterministic measurements are common in real-world scenarios: the performance of a stochastic optimization algorithm or the total reward of a reinforcement learning agent in a chaotic environment are just two examples in which…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-08-31 Etor Arza , Josu Ceberio , Ekhiñe Irurozki , Aritz Pérez

Pearson's is the most common correlation statistic, used mainly in parametric settings. Most common among nonparametric correlation statistics are Spearman's and Kendall's. We show that for bivariate normal i.i.d. samples the pairwise…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-08-03 Raymond Molzon , Iosif Pinelis

In a bivariate setting, we consider the problem of detecting a sparse contamination or mixture component, where the effect manifests itself as a positive dependence between the variables, which are otherwise independent in the main…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-01-13 Ery Arias-Castro , Rong Huang , Nicolas Verzelen

Comparison and contrast are the basic means to unveil causation and learn which treatments work. To build good comparison groups, randomized experimentation is key, yet often infeasible. In such non-experimental settings, we illustrate and…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-01-30 Ambarish Chattopadhyay , Jose R. Zubizarreta

Positive and negative likelihood ratios are parameters which are used to assess and compare the effectiveness of binary diagnostic tests. Both parameters only depend on the sensitivity and specificity of the diagnostic test and are…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2024-09-02 Jose Antonio Roldan-Nofuentes , Saad Bouh Sidaty-Regad

In many scientific problems, researchers try to relate a response variable $Y$ to a set of potential explanatory variables $X = (X_1,\dots,X_p)$, and start by trying to identify variables that contribute to this relationship. In statistical…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-10-07 Wenshuo Wang , Lucas Janson

Measures of rank correlation are commonly used in statistics to capture the degree of concordance between two orderings of the same set of items. Standard measures like Kendall's tau and Spearman's rho coefficient put equal emphasis on each…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-08-22 Sascha Henzgen , Eyke Hüllermeier

Analysis of 2 by 2 tables and two-sample survival data has been widely used. Exact calculation is computational intractable for conditional likelihood inference in odds ratio models with large marginals in 2 by 2 tables, or partial…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-11-26 Zhiqiang Tan

In this paper new test statistics are introduced and studied for the important problem of testing hypothesis that involves inequality constraint on proportions when the sample comes from independent binomial random variables: Wald type and…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-02-28 Nirian Martín , Raquel Mata , Leando Pardo

This paper discusses estimation and limited information goodness-of-fit test statistics in factor models for binary data using pairwise likelihood estimation and sampling weights. The paper extends the applicability of pairwise likelihood…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-30 Haziq Jamil , Irini Moustaki , Chris Skinner

Usually one compares the accuracy of two competing classifiers via null hypothesis significance tests (nhst). Yet the nhst tests suffer from important shortcomings, which can be overcome by switching to Bayesian hypothesis testing. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-23 Giorgio Corani , Alessio Benavoli , Janez Demšar , Francesca Mangili , Marco Zaffalon