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It is well known that the effect of quantum nonlocality, as witnessed by violation of a Bell inequality, can be observed even when relaxing the assumption of measurement independence, i.e. allowing for the source to be partially correlated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-17 Ivan Šupić , Jean-Daniel Bancal , Nicolas Brunner

Device-independent (DI) cryptography represents the highest level of security, enabling cryptographic primitives to be executed safely on uncharacterized devices. Moreover, with successful proof-of-concept demonstrations in randomness…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-11 Thomas A. Hahn , Aby Philip , Ernest Y. -Z. Tan , Peter Brown

Bell inequality can provide a useful witness for device-independent applications with quantum (or post-quantum) eavesdroppers. This feature holds only for single entangled systems. Our goal is to explore device-independent model for quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-18 Ming-Xing Luo

Randomness is a fundamental feature of quantum mechanics, which is an invaluable resource for both classical and quantum technologies. Practical quantum random number generators (QRNG) usually need to trust their devices, but their security…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-15 Marco Avesani , Hamid Tebyanian , Paolo Villoresi , Giuseppe Vallone

Ultrafast physical random bit generation at hundreds of Gb/s rates, with verified randomness, is a crucial ingredient in secure communication and have recently emerged using optics based physical systems. Here we examine the inverse problem…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-11-05 Shira Sardi , Herut Uzan , Shiri Otmazgin , Yaara Aviad , Michael Rosenbluh , Ido Kanter

As progress on experimental quantum processors continues to advance, the problem of verifying the correct operation of such devices is becoming a pressing concern. The recent discovery of protocols for verifying computation performed by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-03 Michal Hajdušek , Carlos A. Pérez-Delgado , Joseph F. Fitzsimons

Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) harness the inherent unpredictability of quantum mechanics to produce true randomness. Yet, in many optical implementations, the light source remains a potential vulnerability - susceptible to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-07 KaiWei Qiu , Yu Cai , Nelly H. Y. Ng , Jing Yan Haw

Generating secure random numbers is vital to the security and privacy infrastructures we rely on today. Having a computer system generate a secure random number is not a trivial problem due to the deterministic nature of computer systems.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-04-10 JV Roig

The demonstration and use of Bell-nonlocality, a concept that is fundamentally striking and is at the core of applications in device independent quantum information processing, relies heavily on the assumption of measurement independence,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-13 Gilles Pütz , Nicolas Gisin

Randomness, mainly in the form of random numbers, is the fundamental prerequisite for the security of many cryptographic tasks. Quantum randomness can be extracted even if adversaries are fully aware of the protocol and even control the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-24 Wen-Bo Liu , Yu-Shuo Lu , Yao Fu , Si-Cheng Huang , Ze-Jie Yin , Kun Jiang , Hua-Lei Yin , Zeng-Bing Chen

In a device-independent Bell test, the devices are considered to be black boxes and the dimension of the system remains unspecified. The dichotomic observables involved in such a Bell test can be degenerate and one may invoke a suitable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-09 Prabuddha Roy , Shyam Sundar Mahato , Sumit Mukherjee , A. K. Pan

Device independent protocols based on Bell nonlocality, such as quantum key distribution and randomness generation, must ensure no adversary can have prior knowledge of the measurement outcomes. This requires a measurement independence…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-08 Michael J. W. Hall , Cyril Branciard

The observation that violating Bell inequalities with high probability is possible even when the local measurements are randomly chosen, as occurs when local measurements cannot be suitably calibrated or the parties do not share a common…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-08-06 Esteban S. Gómez , Gustavo Cañas , Johanna F. Barra , Adán Cabello , Gustavo Lima

We Haar uniformly generate random states of various ranks and study their performance in an entanglement-based quantum key distribution (QKD) task. In particular, we analyze the efficacy of random two-qubit states in realizing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-14 Subhankar Bera , Shashank Gupta , A. S. Majumdar

Device-independent (DI) tests allow to witness and quantify the quantum feature of a system, such as entanglement, without trusting the implementation devices. Although DI test is a powerful tool in many quantum information tasks, it…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-07 Xingjian Zhang , Yunchao Liu , Xiao Yuan

This article provides a comprehensive review of the critical role of detection efficiency in demonstrating non-classicality across various device-independent and semi-device-independent scenarios. The central focus is the detection…

Device-independent quantum key distribution (DIQKD) represents a relaxation of the security assumptions made in usual quantum key distribution (QKD). As in usual QKD, the security of DIQKD follows from the laws of quantum physics, but…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-04-30 Stefano Pironio , Antonio Acin , Nicolas Brunner , Nicolas Gisin , Serge Massar , Valerio Scarani

Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution (DIQKD) is a formalism that supersedes traditional quantum key distribution, as its security does not rely on any detailed modelling of the internal working of the devices. This strong form of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-01-10 Stefano Pironio , Lluis Masanes , Anthony Leverrier , Antonio Acin

Device-independent quantum cryptographic schemes aim to guarantee security to users based only on the output statistics of any components used, and without the need to verify their internal functionality. Since this would protect users…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-08-07 Jonathan Barrett , Roger Colbeck , Adrian Kent

Cryptographic key exchange protocols traditionally rely on computational conjectures such as the hardness of prime factorisation to provide security against eavesdropping attacks. Remarkably, quantum key distribution protocols like the one…

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