Related papers: Electrostatic cooling at electrolyte-electrolyte j…
In ion-exchange membrane processes, ions and water flow under the influence of gradients in hydrostatic pressure, ion chemical potential, and electrical potential (voltage), leading to solvent flow, ionic fluxes and ionic current. At the…
Aqueous electrolyte solutions under the influence of a temperature gradient can generate thermoelectric fields, which arise from different responses of the positive and negative charges. This is related to the thermo diffusion effect which…
While heating of a current carrying Ohmic conductors is an obvious consequence of the diffusive nature of the conduction in such systems, current induced cooling has been recently reported in some molecular conduction junctions. In this…
In sharp contrast to the prevailing view that electric fields promote water freezing, here we show by molecular dynamics simulations that monolayer ice confined between two parallel plates can melt into liquid water under perpendicularly…
We study theoretically a process of cooling electrons using a superconducting tunnel junction with a $\pi$ phase difference and a usual insulator or a ferroelectric in-between, and an array of such junctions with ferroelectric layers…
When two electrolyte-immersed electrodes have different temperatures, a voltage $\Delta \psi$ can be measured between them. This electrolyte Seebeck effect is usually explained by cations and anions flowing differently in thermal gradients.…
The electric field in an extended phase of a liquid electrolyte exposed to a temperature gradient is attributed to different thermophoretic mobilities of the ion species. As shown herein, such Soret-type ion thermodiffusion is not required…
Electrons in graphene exhibit hydrodynamic behavior in a certain range of temperatures. We indicate that electric current in this regime can result in cooling of electron fluid due to the Joule-Thomson effect. Cooling occurs in the Fermi…
We discuss the theory of cooling electrons in solid-state devices via ``evaporative emission.'' Our model is based on filtering electron subbands in a quantum-wire device. When incident electrons in a higher-energy subband scatter out of…
The electrostatic interaction between colloidal particles trapped at the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions is studied in the limit of small inter-particle distances. Within an appropriate model exact analytic…
We consider an electrolyte solution confined by semipermeable membranes in contact with a salt-free solvent. Membranes are uncharged, but since small counter-ions leak-out into infinite salt-free reservoirs, we observe a distance-dependent…
Many key industrial processes, from electricity production, conversion and storage to electrocatalysis or electrochemistry in general, rely on physical mechanisms occurring at the interface between a metallic electrode and an electrolyte…
The electrostatic screening properties of ionic fluids are of paramount importance in countless physical processes. Yet, the behavior of ionic conductors out of thermal equilibrium has to date mainly been studied in the context of…
The pressure-temperature phase diagram of a one-component system, with particles interacting through a spherically symmetric pair potential in two dimensions is studied. The interaction consists of a hard core plus an additional repulsion…
During the last few years, the increasing demand of energy for refrigeration applications has relived the interest of the scientific community in the study of alternative methods to the traditional gas-based refrigeration. Within this…
In the presence of Joule heating, the electronic temperature in a metallic resistor placed at sub-Kelvin temperatures can significantly exceed the phonon temperature. Electron cooling proceeds mainly through two processes: electronic…
In this thesis we study the lateral electrostatic interaction between a pair of non-identical, moderately charged colloidal particles trapped at an electrolyte interface in the limit of short inter-particle separations. Using a simplified…
The qualities of electron refrigeration by means of tunnel junctions between superconducting and normal--metal electrodes are studied theoretically. A suitable approximation of the basic expression for the heat current across those tunnel…
In the Meissner phase of a superconductor, an external constant magnetic field is shielded by circulating persistent zero-resistance supercurrents that are formed by Cooper pairs. However, a thermodynamic change of state within this phase,…
Any structural transformation of water is sensitive to an external electric field, since water molecules have dipole moments. We study influence of external uniform electric field on crystallization of supercooled water enclosed between two…