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We learn about the world from a diverse range of sensory information. Automated systems lack this ability as investigation has centred on processing information presented in a single form. Adapting architectures to learn from multiple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Jason Armitage , Shramana Thakur , Rishi Tripathi , Jens Lehmann , Maria Maleshkova

Human multimodal emotion recognition (MER) aims to perceive human emotions via language, visual and acoustic modalities. Despite the impressive performance of previous MER approaches, the inherent multimodal heterogeneities still haunt and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-27 Yong Li , Yuanzhi Wang , Zhen Cui

Addressing missing modalities presents a critical challenge in multimodal learning. Current approaches focus on developing models that can handle modality-incomplete inputs during inference, assuming that the full set of modalities are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Yunpeng Zhao , Cheng Chen , Qing You Pang , Quanzheng Li , Carol Tang , Beng-Ti Ang , Yueming Jin

Temporal action detection aims to predict the time intervals and the classes of action instances in the video. Despite the promising performance, existing two-stream models exhibit slow inference speed due to their reliance on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Pilhyeon Lee , Taeoh Kim , Minho Shim , Dongyoon Wee , Hyeran Byun

Multimodal remote sensing classification often suffers from missing modalities caused by sensor failures and environmental interference, leading to severe performance degradation. In this work, we rethink missing-modality learning from a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Qinghao Gao , Jiahui Qu , Wenqian Dong

Multimodal representation learning, exemplified by multimodal contrastive learning (MMCL) using image-text pairs, aims to learn powerful representations by aligning cues across modalities. This approach relies on the core assumption that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Yichao Cai , Yuhang Liu , Erdun Gao , Tianjiao Jiang , Zhen Zhang , Anton van den Hengel , Javen Qinfeng Shi

Multimodal learning has achieved great successes in many scenarios. Compared with unimodal learning, it can effectively combine the information from different modalities to improve the performance of learning tasks. In reality, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-25 Fei Ma , Xiangxiang Xu , Shao-Lun Huang , Lin Zhang

Learning style refers to a type of training mechanism adopted by an individual to gain new knowledge. As suggested by the VARK model, humans have different learning preferences, like Visual (V), Auditory (A), Read/Write (R), and Kinesthetic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Usma Niyaz , Abhishek Singh Sambyal , Deepti R. Bathula

Many retrieval applications can benefit from multiple modalities, e.g., text that contains images on Wikipedia, for which how to represent multimodal data is the critical component. Most deep multimodal learning methods typically involve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-21 Haien Zeng , Hanjiang Lai , Hanlu Chu , Yong Tang , Jian Yin

Multimodal learning has demonstrated remarkable performance improvements over unimodal architectures. However, multimodal learning methods often exhibit deteriorated performances if one or more modalities are missing. This may be attributed…

Multimodal learning often outperforms its unimodal counterparts by exploiting unimodal contributions and cross-modal interactions. However, focusing only on integrating multimodal features into a unified comprehensive representation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Sehwan Moon , Hyunju Lee

In video understanding, most cross-modal knowledge distillation (KD) methods are tailored for classification tasks, focusing on the discriminative representation of the trimmed videos. However, action detection requires not only…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-10 Rui Dai , Srijan Das , Francois Bremond

Owing to its rapid progress and broad application prospects, few-shot action recognition has attracted considerable interest. However, current methods are predominantly based on limited single-modal data, which does not fully exploit the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Weijia Feng , Yichen Zhu , Ruojia Zhang , Chenyang Wang , Fei Ma , Xiaobao Wang , Xiaobai Li

Multimodal semantic segmentation benefits remote sensing analysis by combining complementary information from different sensor modalities. In real-world remote sensing applications, one or more modalities may be unavailable due to sensor…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Irem Ulku , Ö. Özgür Tanrıöver , Erdem Akagündüz

Despite the remarkable success of deep multi-modal learning in practice, it has not been well-explained in theory. Recently, it has been observed that the best uni-modal network outperforms the jointly trained multi-modal network, which is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-24 Yu Huang , Junyang Lin , Chang Zhou , Hongxia Yang , Longbo Huang

The focal point of egocentric video understanding is modelling hand-object interactions. Standard models -- CNNs, Vision Transformers, etc. -- which receive RGB frames as input perform well, however, their performance improves further by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Gorjan Radevski , Dusan Grujicic , Matthew Blaschko , Marie-Francine Moens , Tinne Tuytelaars

In this paper, we introduce Modality-Inconsistent Continual Learning (MICL), a new continual learning scenario for Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) that involves tasks with inconsistent modalities (image, audio, or video) and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Weiguo Pian , Shijian Deng , Shentong Mo , Mingrui Liu , Yunhui Guo , Yapeng Tian

Multimodal Federated Learning frequently encounters challenges of client modality heterogeneity, leading to undesired performances for secondary modality in multimodal learning. It is particularly prevalent in audiovisual learning, with…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-29 Tiantian Feng , Tuo Zhang , Salman Avestimehr , Shrikanth S. Narayanan

Malignant brain tumors have become an aggressive and dangerous disease that leads to death worldwide.Multi-modal MRI data is crucial for accurate brain tumor segmentation, but missing modalities common in clinical practice can severely…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-11 Guoyan Liang , Qin Zhou , Jingyuan Chen , Bingcang Huang , Kai Chen , Lin Gu , Zhe Wang , Sai Wu , Chang Yao

Cross-modal distillation has been widely used to transfer knowledge across different modalities, enriching the representation of the target unimodal one. Recent studies highly relate the temporal synchronization between vision and sound to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-28 Wenke Xia , Xingjian Li , Andong Deng , Haoyi Xiong , Dejing Dou , Di Hu