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Current deep learning paradigms largely benefit from the tremendous amount of annotated data. However, the quality of the annotations often varies among labelers. Multi-observer studies have been conducted to study these annotation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-05 Xiaosong Wang , Ziyue Xu , Dong Yang , Leo Tam , Holger Roth , Daguang Xu

The reliability of supervised machine learning systems depends on the accuracy and availability of ground truth labels. However, the process of human annotation, being prone to error, introduces the potential for noisy labels, which can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-19 David Tschirschwitz , Christian Benz , Morris Florek , Henrik Norderhus , Benno Stein , Volker Rodehorst

Annotated data is an essential ingredient in natural language processing for training and evaluating machine learning models. It is therefore very desirable for the annotations to be of high quality. Recent work, however, has shown that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Jan-Christoph Klie , Bonnie Webber , Iryna Gurevych

3D object detection has become indispensable in the field of autonomous driving. To date, gratifying breakthroughs have been recorded in 3D object detection research, attributed to deep learning. However, deep learning algorithms are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-19 Yucheng Zhang , Masaki Fukuda , Yasunori Ishii , Kyoko Ohshima , Takayoshi Yamashita

We analyze the capabilities of foundation models addressing the tedious task of generating annotations for animal tracking. Annotating a large amount of data is vital and can be a make-or-break factor for the robustness of a tracking model.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Emil Mededovic , Valdy Laurentius , Yuli Wu , Marcin Kopaczka , Zhu Chen , Mareike Schulz , René Tolba , Johannes Stegmaier

Accurate ground truth annotations are critical to supervised learning and evaluating the performance of autonomous vehicle systems. These vehicles are typically equipped with active sensors, such as LiDAR, which scan the environment in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Alexandre Justo Miro , Ludvig af Klinteberg , Bogdan Timus , Aron Asefaw , Ajinkya Khoche , Thomas Gustafsson , Sina Sharif Mansouri , Masoud Daneshtalab

One of the problems on the way to successful implementation of neural networks is the quality of annotation. For instance, different annotators can annotate images in a different way and very often their decisions do not match exactly and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-25 Roman Khudorozhkov , Alexander Koryagin , Alexey Kozhevin

Annotating object ground truth in videos is vital for several downstream tasks in robot perception and machine learning, such as for evaluating the performance of an object tracker or training an image-based object detector. The accuracy of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Eric Price , Aamir Ahmad

The predictive performance of supervised learning algorithms depends on the quality of labels. In a typical label collection process, multiple annotators provide subjective noisy estimates of the "truth" under the influence of their varying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-18 Ryutaro Tanno , Ardavan Saeedi , Swami Sankaranarayanan , Daniel C. Alexander , Nathan Silberman

To investigate the well-observed racial disparities in computer vision systems that analyze images of humans, researchers have turned to skin tone as more objective annotation than race metadata for fairness performance evaluations.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Teanna Barrett , Quan Ze Chen , Amy X. Zhang

Following the recent advances in deep networks, object detection and tracking algorithms with deep learning backbones have been improved significantly; however, this rapid development resulted in the necessity of large amounts of annotated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-13 Aybora Koksal , Kutalmis Gokalp Ince , A. Aydin Alatan

The labor-intensive annotation process of semantic segmentation datasets is often prone to errors, since humans struggle to label every pixel correctly. We study algorithms to automatically detect such annotation errors, in particular…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-12 Vedang Lad , Jonas Mueller

Biomedical image analysis algorithm validation depends on high-quality annotation of reference datasets, for which labeling instructions are key. Despite their importance, their optimization remains largely unexplored. Here, we present the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Tim Rädsch , Annika Reinke , Vivienn Weru , Minu D. Tizabi , Nicholas Schreck , A. Emre Kavur , Bünyamin Pekdemir , Tobias Roß , Annette Kopp-Schneider , Lena Maier-Hein

Solving complex classification tasks using deep neural networks typically requires large amounts of annotated data. However, corresponding class labels are noisy when provided by error-prone annotators, e.g., crowdworkers. Training standard…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Marek Herde , Denis Huseljic , Bernhard Sick

The interpretation of data is fundamental to machine learning. This paper investigates practices of image data annotation as performed in industrial contexts. We define data annotation as a sense-making practice, where annotators assign…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-07-31 Milagros Miceli , Martin Schuessler , Tianling Yang

Data quality is crucial for training accurate, unbiased, and trustworthy machine learning models as well as for their correct evaluation. Recent works, however, have shown that even popular datasets used to train and evaluate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Jan-Christoph Klie , Richard Eckart de Castilho , Iryna Gurevych

Annotated images are required for both supervised model training and evaluation in image classification. Manually annotating images is arduous and expensive, especially for multi-labeled images. A recent trend for conducting such laboursome…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-07 Jianzhe Lin , Tianze Yu , Z. Jane Wang

Supervised classification algorithms are used to solve a growing number of real-life problems around the globe. Their performance is strictly connected with the quality of labels used in training. Unfortunately, acquiring good-quality…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Daniel Kałuża , Andrzej Janusz , Dominik Ślęzak

Obtaining annotations for complex computer vision tasks such as object detection is an expensive and time-intense endeavor involving a large number of human workers or expert opinions. Reducing the amount of annotations required while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Marius Schubert , Tobias Riedlinger , Karsten Kahl , Matthias Rottmann

Deep learning-based object detectors have achieved impressive performance in microscopy imaging, yet their confidence estimates often lack calibration, limiting their reliability for biomedical applications. In this work, we introduce a new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Francesco Campi , Lucrezia Tondo , Ekin Karabati , Johannes Betge , Marie Piraud