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The consistency of the EFT of two interacting spin-2 fields is checked by applying forward limit positivity bounds on the scattering amplitudes to exclude the region of parameter space devoid of a standard UV completion. We focus on two…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-04-22 Lasma Alberte , Claudia de Rham , Arshia Momeni , Justinas Rumbutis , Andrew J. Tolley

We use generalized elastic positivity bounds to constrain the parameter space of multi-field spin-2 effective field theories. These generalized bounds involve inelastic scattering amplitudes between particles with different masses, which…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-05-05 Zi-Yue Wang , Cen Zhang , Shuang-Yong Zhou

Parameters in an effective field theory can be subject to certain positivity bounds if one requires a UV completion that obeys the fundamental principles of quantum field theory. These bounds are relatively straightforward at the tree…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-07-22 Yunxiao Ye , Bin He , Jiayin Gu

For a low energy effective theory to admit a standard local, unitary, analytic and Lorentz-invariant UV completion, its scattering amplitudes must satisfy certain inequalities. While these bounds are known in the forward limit for real…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-04-04 Claudia de Rham , Scott Melville , Andrew J. Tolley , Shuang-Yong Zhou

The main objective of this work is to isolate Effective Field Theory scattering amplitudes in the space of non-perturbative two-to-two amplitudes, using the S-matrix Bootstrap. We do so by introducing the notion of Effective Field Theory…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-01-18 Joan Elias Miro , Andrea Guerrieri , Mehmet Asim Gumus

The presence of a massless spin-2 field in an effective field theory results in a $t$-channel pole in the scattering amplitudes that precludes the application of standard positivity bounds. Despite this, recent arguments based on…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-01-04 Lasma Alberte , Claudia de Rham , Sumer Jaitly , Andrew J. Tolley

Sum rules in effective field theories, predicated upon causality, place restrictions on scattering amplitudes mediated by effective contact interactions. Through unitarity of the $S$-matrix, these imply that the size of higher dimensional…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-10-05 Timothy Trott

We derive positivity bounds for scattering amplitudes of particles with arbitrary spin using unitarity, analyticity and crossing symmetry. The bounds imply the positivity of certain low-energy coefficients of the effective action that…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-03-08 Brando Bellazzini

We derive new effective field theory (EFT) positivity bounds on the elastic $2\to2$ scattering amplitudes of massive spinning particles from the standard UV properties of unitarity, causality, locality and Lorentz invariance. By bounding…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-03-09 Joe Davighi , Scott Melville , Tevong You

Positivity bounds are powerful tools to constrain effective field theories. Utilizing the partial wave expansion in the dispersion relation and the full crossing symmetry of the scattering amplitude, we derive several sets of generically…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-01-11 Andrew J. Tolley , Zi-Yue Wang , Shuang-Yong Zhou

Assuming the existence of a local, analytic, unitary UV completion in a Poincar\'{e} invariant scalar field theory with a mass gap, we derive an infinite number of positivity requirements using the known properties of the amplitude at and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-11-01 Claudia de Rham , Scott Melville , Andrew J. Tolley , Shuang-Yong Zhou

Physical principles such as unitarity, causality, and locality can constrain the space of consistent effective field theories (EFTs) by imposing two-sided bounds on the allowed values of Wilson coefficients. In this paper, we consider the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-03-20 Mariana Carrillo Gonzalez , Claudia de Rham , Victor Pozsgay , Andrew J. Tolley

We show how calculable IR loop effects impact positivity bounds in Effective Field Theories with causal and unitary UV completions. We identify infrared singularities which appear in dispersion relations at $|t|\lesssim m^2$. In the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-11-23 Brando Bellazzini , Marc Riembau , Francesco Riva

In this paper, we explore positivity bounds for the effective field theory~(EFT) of a single weakly coupled massive vector field. The presence of both mass and spin makes the crossing properties of the amplitudes vastly complicated -- we…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-07-16 Francesco Bertucci , Johan Henriksson , Brian McPeak , Sara Ricossa , Francesco Riva , Alessandro Vichi

We find the complete set of conditions satisfied by the forward $2\to2$ scattering amplitude in unitarity and causal theories. These are based on an infinite set of energy dependent quantities -- the arcs -- which are dispersively expressed…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-10-12 Brando Bellazzini , Joan Elias Miró , Riccardo Rattazzi , Marc Riembau , Francesco Riva

We consider a procedure for directly constructing general tree-level four-particle scattering amplitudes of massive spinning particles that are consistent with the usual requirements of Lorentz invariance, unitarity, crossing symmetry, and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-08-10 James Bonifacio , Kurt Hinterbichler

We derive the complete set of partial wave unitarity bounds on the most general Axion-Like Particle (ALP) effective interactions up to dimension 8 in the limit of large center-of-mass energy. Exploiting a recently developed formalism based…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-10-17 Luigi C. Bresciani , Gabriele Levati , Paride Paradisi

Effective field theories (EFT) parameterize the long-distance effects of short-distance dynamics whose details may or may not be known. It is known that EFT coefficients must obey certain positivity constraints if causality and unitarity…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-06-16 Simon Caron-Huot , Vincent Van Duong

Understanding the implication of positivity bounds on loop-generated dim-8 operator coefficients is a nontrivial task, as these bounds only strictly hold when all the contributions are included in the dispersion relation up to a certain…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-10-14 Yunxiao Ye , Xiao Cao , Yu-Hang Wu , Jiayin Gu

We derive positivity bounds on low energy effective field theories which admit gapped, analytic, unitary, Lorentz invariant, and possibly non-local UV completions, by considering 2 to 2 scatterings of Jaffe fields whose…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-06-14 Junsei Tokuda
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