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Quantum error correction has given us a natural language for the emergence of spacetime, but the black hole interior poses a challenge for this framework: at late times the apparent number of interior degrees of freedom in effective field…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-10-06 Chris Akers , Netta Engelhardt , Daniel Harlow , Geoff Penington , Shreya Vardhan

The black hole information paradox remains a profound challenge in theoretical physics. Among the proposed resolutions, the soft-hair approach stands out for its independence from any specific quantum gravity model. In this paper, we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-16 Xuan-Lin Su , Alioscia Hamma , Antonino Marciano

We present an overall picture of the advances in the description of black hole physics from the perspective of loop quantum gravity. After an introduction that discusses the main conceptual issues we present some details about the classical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-01-14 J. Fernando Barbero G. , Alejandro Perez

An important reason why it is currently difficult to unify relativity theory and quantum theory is the quantum information paradox. The information engulfment pointed out by general relativity violates the principles of quantum mechanics.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-01-30 Yangting Liu

Topology change -- the creation of a disconnected baby universe -- due to black hole collapse may resolve the information loss paradox. Evolution from an early time Cauchy surface to a final surface which includes a slice of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Stephen D. H. Hsu

The black hole information paradox is the incompatibility of quantum mechanics with the semi-classical picture of Hawking radiation. Hawking radiation appears thermal and eventually leads to the complete disappearance of a black hole.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-08-13 Malcolm J. Perry

Quantum mechanics for matter fields moving in an evaporating black hole spacetime is formulated in fully four-dimensional form according to the principles of generalized quantum theory. The resulting quantum theory cannot be expressed in a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-02-03 James B. Hartle

Quantum gravity is effective in domains where both quantum effects and gravity are essential, such as in the vicinity of space-time singularities. This paper will investigate the quantization of a black-hole gravity, particularly the region…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-09-16 Carla Rodrigues Almeida , Denis Campos Rodrigues

Black holes behave as thermodynamic systems, and a central task of any quantum theory of gravity is to explain these thermal properties. A statistical mechanical description of black hole entropy once seemed remote, but today we suffer an…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-04-28 S. Carlip

We found that the Wigner rotation of a particle with spin 1/2, which is unitary in Minkowski spacetime, becomes non-unitary as the particle is falling onto the black hole. This implies that, from the quantum information processing point of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 D. Ahn , S. W. Hwang

Spacetime singularities pose a long-standing puzzle in quantum gravity. Unlike Schwarzschild, a generic family of black holes gives rise to a Cauchy horizon on which, even in the Hartle-Hawking state, quantum observables such as $\langle…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-11-20 Arvin Shahbazi-Moghaddam

We propose a unitary toy model of black hole evaporation, in which the entanglement between the interior and exterior degrees of freedom vanishes at late times. Our model possesses the information-free property and satisfies the niceness…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-05-28 Bartłomiej Czech , Klaus Larjo , Moshe Rozali

It was found in [Phys.Lett.B 675 (2009) 98] that information is conserved in the process of black hole evaporation, by using the tunneling formulism and considering the correlations between emitted particles. In this Letter, we shall…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-11-18 Yi-Xin Chen , Kai-Nan Shao

We propose a new method to account for quantum-gravitational effects in cosmological and black hole spacetimes. At the core of our construction is the "decoupling mechanism": when a physical infrared scale overcomes the effect of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-05-24 Johanna N. Borissova , Alessia Platania

When it comes to performing thought experiments with black holes, Einstein-Bohr like discussions have to be re-opened. For instance one can ask what happens to the quantum state of a black hole when the wave function of a single ingoing…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 G. 't Hooft

We analyse the physical properties of an analytical, nonsingular quantum-corrected black hole solution recently derived in a minisuperspace model for unimodular gravity under the assumption of unitarity in unimodular time. We show that the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-02 Steffen Gielen , Sofie Ried

The introduction of a relational time in quantum gravity naturally implies that pure quantum states evolve into mixed quantum states. We show, using a recently proposed concrete implementation, that the rate at which pure states naturally…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Rodolfo Gambini , Rafael Porto , Jorge Pullin

The black hole final state proposal implements manifest unitarity in the process of black hole formation and evaporation in quantum gravity, by postulating a unique final state boundary condition at the singularity. We argue that this…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-10-21 Mukund Rangamani , Massimiliano Rota

To derive black hole thermodynamics in any quantum theory of gravity, one must introduce constraints that ensure that a black hole is actually present. For a large class of black holes, the imposition of such ``horizon constraints'' allows…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-13 S. Carlip

The central question in this article is how information does leak out from black holes. Relying on algebraic arguments and the concept of superselection sectors, we propose the existence of certain operators whose correlations extend across…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-01-23 Abram Akal