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We describe a threat model under which a split network-based federated learning system is susceptible to a model inversion attack by a malicious computational server. We demonstrate that the attack can be successfully performed with limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-22 Tom Titcombe , Adam J. Hall , Pavlos Papadopoulos , Daniele Romanini

Attacks that aim to identify the training data of public neural networks represent a severe threat to the privacy of individuals participating in the training data set. A possible protection is offered by anonymization of the training data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-27 Daniel Bernau , Philip-William Grassal , Jonas Robl , Florian Kerschbaum

Differentially private training algorithms provide protection against one of the most popular attacks in machine learning: the membership inference attack. However, these privacy algorithms incur a loss of the model's classification…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-13 Jiaxiang Liu , Simon Oya , Florian Kerschbaum

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have been gaining a lot of interest due to their adaptability and extensibility in emerging applications, including communication networks. It is anticipated that ZSM networks will be able to support…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Sunder Ali Khowaja , Parus Khuwaja , Kapal Dev , Hussam Al Hamadi , Engin Zeydan

Model distillation is frequently proposed as a technique to reduce the privacy leakage of machine learning. These empirical privacy defenses rely on the intuition that distilled ``student'' models protect the privacy of training data, as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Matthew Jagielski , Milad Nasr , Christopher Choquette-Choo , Katherine Lee , Nicholas Carlini

Membership Inference Attacks (MIAs) pose a critical privacy threat by enabling adversaries to determine whether a specific sample was included in a model's training dataset. Despite extensive research on MIAs, systematic comparisons between…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Owais Makroo , Siva Rajesh Kasa , Sumegh Roychowdhury , Karan Gupta , Nikhil Pattisapu , Santhosh Kasa , Sumit Negi

Given the rising popularity of AI-generated art and the associated copyright concerns, identifying whether an artwork was used to train a diffusion model is an important research topic. The work approaches this problem from the membership…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Jingwei Li , Jing Dong , Tianxing He , Jingzhao Zhang

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) have been extensively studied in large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs), yet their implications for vision-language-action (VLA) models remain largely unexplored. VLA models differ…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Yuefeng Peng , Mingzhe Li , Kejing Xia , Renhao Zhang , Amir Houmansadr

The machine learning community has been overwhelmed by a plethora of deep learning based approaches. Many challenging computer vision tasks such as detection, localization, recognition and segmentation of objects in unconstrained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-07-16 Swarnendu Ghosh , Nibaran Das , Ishita Das , Ujjwal Maulik

While person Re-identification (Re-ID) has progressed rapidly due to its wide real-world applications, it also causes severe risks of leaking personal information from training data. Thus, this paper focuses on quantifying this risk by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Junyao Gao , Xinyang Jiang , Huishuai Zhang , Yifan Yang , Shuguang Dou , Dongsheng Li , Duoqian Miao , Cheng Deng , Cairong Zhao

The proliferation of large language models (LLMs) in the real world has come with a rise in copyright cases against companies for training their models on unlicensed data from the internet. Recent works have presented methods to identify if…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Pratyush Maini , Hengrui Jia , Nicolas Papernot , Adam Dziedzic

In this paper, we propose an access control method with a secret key for semantic segmentation models for the first time so that unauthorized users without a secret key cannot benefit from the performance of trained models. The method…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Hiroki Ito , AprilPyone MaungMaung , Sayaka Shiota , Hitoshi Kiya

Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) is an increasingly popular ML paradigm that trains models to transform complex inputs into representations without relying on explicit labels. These representations encode similarity structures that enable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-30 Adam Dziedzic , Nikita Dhawan , Muhammad Ahmad Kaleem , Jonas Guan , Nicolas Papernot

Semantic segmentation is a fundamental visual task that finds extensive deployment in applications with security-sensitive considerations. Nonetheless, recent work illustrates the adversarial vulnerability of semantic segmentation models to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Zhaoyu Chen , Zhengyang Shan , Jingwen Chang , Kaixun Jiang , Dingkang Yang , Yiting Cheng , Wenqiang Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in interactive and retrieval-augmented settings, raising significant privacy concerns. While attacks such as Membership Inference (MIA), Attribute Inference (AIA), Data Extraction…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Karima Makhlouf , Lamiaa Basyoni , Syed Khaderi , Gabriel Marquez , Peter Sotomango , Mahmoud Awawdah , Sami Zhioua

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success and are widely adopted for diverse applications. However, fine-tuning these models often involves private or sensitive information, raising critical privacy concerns. In this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Kaiyuan Zhang , Siyuan Cheng , Hanxi Guo , Yuetian Chen , Zian Su , Shengwei An , Yuntao Du , Charles Fleming , Ashish Kundu , Xiangyu Zhang , Ninghui Li

Deep learning models have shown incredible performance on numerous image recognition, classification, and reconstruction tasks. Although very appealing and valuable due to their predictive capabilities, one common threat remains challenging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Alex Bogun , Dimche Kostadinov , Damian Borth

Machine learning models are vulnerable to both security attacks (e.g., adversarial examples) and privacy attacks (e.g., private attribute inference). We take the first step to mitigate both the security and privacy attacks, and maintain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Binghui Zhang , Sayedeh Leila Noorbakhsh , Yun Dong , Yuan Hong , Binghui Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have become the backbone of modern natural language processing but pose privacy concerns about leaking sensitive training data. Membership inference attacks (MIAs), which aim to infer whether a sample is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Toan Tran , Ruixuan Liu , Li Xiong

Property inference attacks against machine learning (ML) models aim to infer properties of the training data that are unrelated to the primary task of the model, and have so far been formulated as binary decision problems, i.e., whether or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Raksha Ramakrishna , György Dán
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