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Iterative Gaussianization is a fixed-point iteration procedure that can transform any continuous random vector into a Gaussian one. Based on iterative Gaussianization, we propose a new type of normalizing flow model that enables both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-05 Chenlin Meng , Yang Song , Jiaming Song , Stefano Ermon

In this paper, we propose a test for the equality of multiple distributions based on kernel mean embeddings. Our framework provides a flexible way to handle multivariate or even high-dimensional data by virtue of kernel methods and allows…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-06-08 Ilmun Kim

A general inversion technique for the recovery of the underlying distribution function for observed galactic disks is presented and illustrated. Under the assumption that these disks are axi-symmetric and thin, the proposed method yields…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-09-25 C. Pichon , E. Thiebaut

We investigate a local reparameterizaton technique for greatly reducing the variance of stochastic gradients for variational Bayesian inference (SGVB) of a posterior over model parameters, while retaining parallelizability. This local…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-12-22 Diederik P. Kingma , Tim Salimans , Max Welling

Variational inference using the reparameterization trick has enabled large-scale approximate Bayesian inference in complex probabilistic models, leveraging stochastic optimization to sidestep intractable expectations. The reparameterization…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-02-13 Christian A. Naesseth , Francisco J. R. Ruiz , Scott W. Linderman , David M. Blei

A discrete version of the Gumbel (Type I) extreme value distribution has been derived by using the general approach of discretization of a continuous distribution. Important distributional and reliability properties have been explored. It…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-10-29 Subrata Chakraborty , Dhrubajyoti Chakravarty

Variational methods are attractive for computing Bayesian inference for highly parametrized models and large datasets where exact inference is impractical. They approximate a target distribution - either the posterior or an augmented…

Computation · Statistics 2019-11-21 Michael Stanley Smith , Ruben Loaiza-Maya , David J. Nott

Stochastic kinetic models describe systems across biology, chemistry, and physics where discrete events and small populations render deterministic approximations inadequate. Parameter inference and inverse design in these systems require…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-03-06 Francesco Mottes , Qian-Ze Zhu , Michael P. Brenner

3D Gaussian Splatting (3D GS) is widely adopted for novel view synthesis due to its high training and rendering efficiency. However, its efficiency relies on the key assumption that Gaussians do not overlap in the 3D space, which leads to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Chen Ziwen , Peng Wang , Hao Tan , Zexiang Xu , Li Fuxin

The problem of drawing samples from a discrete distribution can be converted into a discrete optimization problem. In this work, we show how sampling from a continuous distribution can be converted into an optimization problem over…

Computation · Statistics 2015-01-27 Chris J. Maddison , Daniel Tarlow , Tom Minka

The well-known Gumbel-Max Trick for sampling elements from a categorical distribution (or more generally a non-negative vector) and its variants have been widely used in areas such as machine learning and information retrieval. To sample a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Yuanming Zhang , Pinghui Wang , Yiyan Qi , Kuankuan Cheng , Junzhou Zhao , Guangjian Tian , Xiaohong Guan

We introduce a new algorithm for approximate inference that combines reparametrization, Markov chain Monte Carlo and variational methods. We construct a very flexible implicit variational distribution synthesized by an arbitrary Markov…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-08-07 Michalis K. Titsias

We review two different noncommutative gauge models generalizing approaches which lead to renormalizable scalar quantum field theories. One of them implements the crucial IR damping of the gauge field propagator in the so-called ``soft…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-05-18 Michael Wohlgenannt

The problem of efficient approximation of a linear operator induced by the Gaussian or softmax kernel is often addressed using random features (RFs) which yield an unbiased approximation of the operator's result. Such operators emerge in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-03 Valerii Likhosherstov , Krzysztof Choromanski , Avinava Dubey , Frederick Liu , Tamas Sarlos , Adrian Weller

We study the implicit regularization of gradient descent towards structured sparsity via a novel neural reparameterization, which we call a diagonally grouped linear neural network. We show the following intriguing property of our…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-01-31 Jiangyuan Li , Thanh V. Nguyen , Chinmay Hegde , Raymond K. W. Wong

Softmax is widely used in neural networks for multiclass classification, gate structure and attention mechanisms. The statistical assumption that the input is normal distributed supports the gradient stability of Softmax. However, when used…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Shulun Wang , Bin Liu , Feng Liu

Neural Radiance Fields and 3D Gaussian Splatting have advanced novel view synthesis, yet still rely on dense inputs and often degrade at extrapolated views. Recent approaches leverage generative models, such as diffusion models, to provide…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Hongyu Zhou , Zisen Shao , Sheng Miao , Pan Wang , Dongfeng Bai , Bingbing Liu , Yiyi Liao

Generalized sampling is a recently developed linear framework for sampling and reconstruction in separable Hilbert spaces. It allows one to recover any element in any finite-dimensional subspace given finitely many of its samples with…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2013-01-15 Ben Adcock , Anders C. Hansen , Clarice Poon

A class of discrete distributions can be derived from stationary renewal processes. They have the useful property that the mean is a simple function of the model parameters. Thus regressions of the distribution mean on covariates can be…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-03-01 Rose Baker

Regularization is a common tool in variational inverse problems to impose assumptions on the parameters of the problem. One such assumption is sparsity, which is commonly promoted using lasso and total variation-like regularization.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-02-15 Jasper Marijn Everink , Yiqiu Dong , Martin Skovgaard Andersen