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Agent-based models provide a constructive approach to studying emergent dynamics in life-like systems composed of interacting, adaptive agents. Financial markets serve as a canonical example of such systems, where collective price dynamics…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2026-04-28 Ryuji Hashimoto , Ryosuke Takata , Masahiro Suzuki , Yuki Tanaka , Kiyoshi Izumi

Agent-based models help explain stock price dynamics as emergent phenomena driven by interacting investors. In this modeling tradition, investor behavior has typically been captured by two distinct mechanisms -- learning and heterogeneous…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Ryuji Hashimoto , Ryosuke Takata , Masahiro Suzuki , Yuki Tanaka , Kiyoshi Izumi

Agent-based models (ABMs) are fit to model heterogeneous, interacting systems like financial markets. We present the latest advances in Evology: a heterogeneous, empirically calibrated market ecology agent-based model of the US stock…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-02-03 Aymeric Vie , J. Doyne Farmer

We report on a series of experiments in which we study the coevolutionary "arms-race" dynamics among groups of agents that engage in adaptive automated trading in an accurate model of contemporary financial markets. At any one time, every…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2021-09-23 Nik Alexandrov , Dave Cliff , Charlie Figuero

An artificial stock market is established based on multi-agent . Each agent has a limit memory of the history of stock price, and will choose an action according to his memory and trading strategy. The trading strategy of each agent evolves…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-10 Chun-Xia Yang , Tao Zhou , Pei-Ling Zhou , Jun Liu , Zi-Nan Tang

Multi agent strategies in mixed cooperative-competitive environments can be hard to craft by hand because each agent needs to coordinate with its teammates while competing with its opponents. Learning based algorithms are appealing but many…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-07-08 Ankur Deka , Katia Sycara

Trading markets represent a real-world financial application to deploy reinforcement learning agents, however, they carry hard fundamental challenges such as high variance and costly exploration. Moreover, markets are inherently a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Yue Gao , Kry Yik Chau Lui , Pablo Hernandez-Leal

Algorithmic trading relies on machine learning models to make trading decisions. Despite strong in-sample performance, these models often degrade when confronted with evolving real-world market regimes, which can shift dramatically due to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Haochong Xia , Simin Li , Ruixiao Xu , Zhixia Zhang , Hongxiang Wang , Zhiqian Liu , Teng Yao Long , Molei Qin , Chuqiao Zong , Bo An

Modern evolvements of the technologies have been leading to a profound influence on the financial market. The introduction of constituents like Exchange-Traded Funds, and the wide-use of advanced technologies such as algorithmic trading,…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2021-08-20 Liao Zhu

A class of heterogeneous agent models is investigated where investors switch trading position whenever their motivation to do so exceeds some critical threshold. These motivations can be psychological in nature or reflect behaviour…

Computational Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 R. Cross , M. Grinfeld , H. Lamba , T. Seaman

Simulation of population dynamics is a central research theme in computational biology, which contributes to understanding the interactions between predators and preys. Conventional mathematical tools of this theme, however, are incapable…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-02-11 Jun Yamada , John Shawe-Taylor , Zafeirios Fountas

In nature and human societies, the effects of homogeneous and heterogeneous characteristics on the evolution of collective behaviors are quite different from each other. It is of great importance to understand the underlying mechanisms of…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2020-10-20 Wen-Juan Xu , Chen-Yang Zhong , Fei Ren , Tian Qiu , Rong-Da Chen , Yun-Xin He , Li-Xin Zhong

Evolutionary game theory is a successful mathematical framework geared towards understanding the selective pressures that affect the evolution of the strategies of agents engaged in interactions with potential conflicts. While a…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2016-09-01 Christoph Adami , Jory Schossau , Arend Hintze

This paper introduces an agent-based artificial financial market in which heterogeneous agents trade one single asset through a realistic trading mechanism for price formation. Agents are initially endowed with a finite amount of cash and a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 Marco Raberto , Silvano Cincotti , Sergio M. Focardi , Michele Marchesi

The profitability of various investment styles in investment funds depends on macroeconomic conditions. Market ecology, which views financial markets as ecosystems of diverse, interacting and evolving trading strategies, has shown that…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Aymeric Vie , Maarten Scholl , Alissa M. Kleinnijenhuis , J. Doyne Farmer

Reinforcement learning algorithms can train agents that solve problems in complex, interesting environments. Normally, the complexity of the trained agent is closely related to the complexity of the environment. This suggests that a highly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-03-16 Trapit Bansal , Jakub Pachocki , Szymon Sidor , Ilya Sutskever , Igor Mordatch

The emergence of complex networks from evolutionary games is studied occurring when agents are allowed to switch interaction partners. For this purpose a coevolutionary iterated Prisoner's Dilemma game is defined on a random network with…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 Holger Ebel , Stefan Bornholdt

We study systems of interacting reinforced stochastic processes, where agents' decisions evolve under reinforcement, network-mediated interactions, and environmental influences. In competitive environments with irreducible networks, we…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-09-18 Michele Aleandri , Paolo Dai Pra , Ida Germana Minelli

We consider the dynamics and the interactions of multiple reinforcement learning optimal execution trading agents interacting with a reactive Agent-Based Model (ABM) of a financial market in event time. The model represents a market ecology…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2024-08-15 Matthew Dicks , Andrew Paskaramoorthy , Tim Gebbie

In recent years, a wide range of investment models have been created using artificial intelligence. Automatic trading by artificial intelligence can expand the range of trading methods, such as by conferring the ability to operate 24 hours…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2021-12-17 Koya Ishikawa , Kazuhide Nakata
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