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In the past years, we have been developing a novel technique, called Four-Dimensional Unsubtraction (FDU) which aims to obtain purely four-dimensional representations of the matrix elements contributing to physical observables. In this…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-11-05 German F. R. Sborlini

Subtraction-free computational complexity is the version of arithmetic circuit complexity that allows only three operations: addition, multiplication, and division. We use cluster transformations to design efficient subtraction-free…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-09-30 Sergey Fomin , Dima Grigoriev , Gleb Koshevoy

The use of complex analysis for computing one-loop scattering amplitudes is naturally induced by generalised unitarity-cut conditions, fulfilled by complex values of the loop variable. We report on two techniques: the cut-integration with…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Pierpaolo Mastrolia

The duality relation between one-loop integrals and phase-space integrals, developed in a previous work, is extended to higher-order loops. The duality relation is realized by a modification of the customary +i0 prescription of the Feynman…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-03-17 Isabella Bierenbaum , Stefano Catani , Petros Draggiotis , German Rodrigo

Four-dimensional all-loop amplitudes in QED and gravity exhibit universal Infrared (IR) singularities with a factorization structure. This structure is governed by tree amplitudes and a universal IR-divergent factor representing the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-10-10 Song He , Pujian Mao , Xin-Cheng Mao

We present the first proof-of-concept application to decay processes at higher perturbative orders of LTD causal unitary, a novel methodology that exploits the causal properties of vacuum amplitudes in the loop-tree duality (LTD) and is…

Numerical evaluations of Feynman integrals often proceed via a deformation of the integration contour into the complex plane. While valid contours are easy to construct, the numerical precision for a multi-loop integral can depend…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-05-22 Ramon Winterhalder , Vitaly Magerya , Emilio Villa , Stephen P. Jones , Matthias Kerner , Anja Butter , Gudrun Heinrich , Tilman Plehn

We discuss the extension of the maximal-unitarity method to two loops, focusing on the example of the planar double box. Maximal cuts are reinterpreted as contour integrals, with the choice of contour fixed by the requirement that integrals…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2012-12-11 Henrik Johansson , David A. Kosower , Kasper J. Larsen

We briefly review numerical methods for calculations beyond one loop and then describe new developments within the method of sector decomposition in more detail. We also discuss applications to two-loop integrals involving several mass…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-11-22 S. Borowka , G. Heinrich , S. Jahn , S. P. Jones , M. Kerner , J. Schlenk

We study a two-loop contribution to the dark-matter trispectrum and evaluate it numerically using an infrared-safe integrand. The calculation is organized as an expansion around a fixed reference cosmology: the linear matter power spectrum…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-09 Andrea Favorito

Multiloop scattering amplitudes describing the quantum fluctuations at high-energy scattering processes are the main bottleneck in perturbative quantum field theory. The loop-tree duality is a novel method aimed at overcoming this…

This article is the third and last of a series presenting an alternative method to compute the one-loop scalar integrals. It extends the results of first two articles to the infrared divergent case. This novel method enjoys a couple of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-02-26 J. Ph. Guillet , E. Pilon , Y. Shimizu , M. S. Zidi

The BCJ duality between color and kinematics brings two advantages to calculating multi-loop scattering amplitudes. First the number of ordered cuts that need to be performed to fix the integrand to a gauge theory is minimal -- reducing the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-08-16 John Joseph M. Carrasco , Alex Edison , Nia Robles Del Pino , Suna Zekioğlu

We determine the one-loop deformation of the conformal symmetry of a general N}=2 superconformally invariant Yang-Mills theory. The deformation is computed for several explicit examples which have a realization as world-volume theories on a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-07 S. M. Kuzenko , I. N. McArthur , S. Theisen

Using loop-tree duality, we relate a renormalised $n$-point $l$-loop amplitude in a quantum field theory to a phase-space integral of a regularised $l$-fold forward limit of a UV-subtracted $(n+2l)$-point tree-amplitude-like object. We show…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-07-01 Robert Runkel , Zoltán Szőr , Juan Pablo Vesga , Stefan Weinzierl

Unveiling hidden symmetries within Feynman diagrams is crucial for achieving more efficient computations in high-energy physics. In this paper, we study the symmetries underlying the causal Loop-Tree Duality (LTD) representations through a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-05-12 Irene Lopez Imaz , German Sborlini

We study scalar one-loop amplitudes in massive $\phi^3$-theory within causal loop-tree duality. We derive a recurrence relation for the integrand of the amplitude. The integrand is by construction free of spurious singularities on…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-10-07 Sascha Kromin , Niklas Schwanemann , Stefan Weinzierl

Loop amplitudes are conveniently expressed in terms of master integrals whose coefficients carry the process dependent information. Similarly before integration, the loop integrands may be expressed as a linear combination of propagator…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-12-28 Harald Ita

In this article, we explore the use of contour deformation for the numerical evaluation of Feynman integrals after sector decomposition. In existing codes, the contour of integration is determined heuristically for each phase-space point by…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-02-16 Stephen Jones , Daniel Maître , Anton Olsson

Using unitarity methods, we compute, for several massive two-dimensional models, the cut-constructible part of the one-loop 2->2 scattering S-matrices from the tree-level amplitudes. We apply our method to various integrable theories,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-15 Lorenzo Bianchi , Valentina Forini , Ben Hoare